| 摘要: |
| 为明确烟台牟平海洋牧场大型底栖动物群落特征及影响因子，同时分析低氧对该区域底栖动物群落特征的影响。于2015年6月和8月分两个航次在上述区域分别设置相同的18个采样点进行大型底栖动物群落特征调查和分析。对采样的生物样品进行群落特征分析，使用生物统计软件PRIMER计算优势度指数(Y)、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H")、Margalef丰富度指数(D)和Pielou均匀度指数(J),并进行等级聚类(CLUSTER)、MDS标序以及AMBI与M-AMBI分析。其中6月航次共采集和鉴定大型底栖动物97种,优势类群为多毛类。总平均生物量达到10.64g/m2,甲壳类贡献率最高；8月航次共采集和鉴定大型底栖动物78种,多毛类是优势类群。总平均生物量达到9.28g/m2,多毛类贡献率最高。6月份丰富度指数(D)、均匀度指数(J)和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H")分别为2.782±0.778、0.622±0.143和3.071±0.773；8月份分别为2.730±0.510、0.751±0.076和3.192±0.369。通过CLUSTER聚类和MDS标序发现, 6月份和8月份底栖动物物种组成之间存在显著差异。环境因子与大型底栖动物丰度和生物量关系较大，其中最能解释该群落丰度和生物量的环境因子为水深、水温、浊度，而溶解氧是造成6月份与8月份较大差异的主要因素。AMBI和M-AMBI分析表明该区域部分采样点大型底栖动物物种组成以污染耐受种为主，底栖生态健康不佳。烟台牟平海洋牧场8月份季节性的缺氧环境，已在短期内影响了底栖动物的物种组成。 |
| 关键词: 烟台牟平海洋牧场 大型底栖动物 低氧 群落结构 环境因子 |
| DOI：10.11759/hykx20170315002 |
| 分类号:P735 |
| 基金项目:中国科学院重点资助项目,中国科学院重大资助项目 |
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| Characteristics of macrobenthic communities in Muping marine ranching of Yantai in summer |
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Yang Dong1, Liu Tiantian1, Zhou Zhengquan2, Li Xiaojing2, Li Baoquan2, Chen Linlin2
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1.Zhejiang Ocean University;2.Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences
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| Abstract: |
| A survey on characteristics of macrobenthic communities was carried out in Muping marine raching of Yantai in June and August 2015, to clear the characteristics and influencing factors of Macrobenthic Communities in Muping marine ranching of Yantai, and to analyse the effects of hypoxia on the characteristics of macrobenthic communities.Analysing the community characteristics of biological samples, the software package PRIMER was used to calculated four biodiversity indices and carried out CLUSTER, MDS ordination analyses, AMBI and M-AMBI to analyze the community structure. A total of 97 macrobenthic species were identified in June, of which the dominant group was polychaetes. The average biomass was 18.02 g/m2, of which Crustacean species contributed most to biomass. A total of 78 macrobenthic species were identified in August, of which the dominant group was polychaetes. The average biomass was 9.28 g/m2,of which Polychaete species contributed most to biomass. Three biodiversity indices, Richness index, Evenness index and Shannon-Wiener index were 2.78 ± 0.78、0.62 ± 0.14 ,3.07 ± 0.77 in June and 2.73 ± 0.51、0.75 ± 0.08, 3.19 ± 0.37 in August.CLUSTER and MDS analysis showed that there was a significant difference between June and August. The environmental factors had a great relationship with the abundance and biomass of macrobenthic communities, and the environmental factors that can explain the abundance of macrobenthic were water depth, water temperature and turbidity. DO was the main cause of the difference between June and August. AMBI and M-AMBI analysis showed the macrobenthic species was made up of tolerant species.，and the area suffered moderate extent disturbance.Seasonal hypoxia environment of Muping marine ranching of Yantai in August has affected the species compostion of macrobenthic animals. |
| Key words: Muping marine ranching of Yantai macrobenthos, hypoxia, community structure environmental factors |