| 摘要: |
| 冀津海岸带是国内港口和围填海工程集中分布区之一，高强度开发活动对土地利用变化产生深远影响。本研究基于中科院土地利用遥感监测数据，在原有分类系统基础上增加了养殖盐田用地、待利用地、滨海滩涂、浅海海域等4类利用类型，分析了改革开放以来土地利用时空变化特征及其驱因素。结果表明：（1）近40年内土地利用总体动态度可达0.48%，土地利用强度不断上升，土地类型的主要转移方向为建设用地、养殖盐田用地及待利用地；（2）土地利用变化的峰值时段为2000-2010年，变化区域在空间上集中分布在距离海岸带3~8km范围内，即黄骅、滨海新区、曹妃甸围填海区域及乐亭沿海陆域。地理加权回归结果显示，地形、中心城市、GDP、人口、港口等因素是对土地利用强度产生主要影响的因素，且人口及港口建设的驱动效应有所增强。土地财政依赖、过度超前规划是待利用地激增的主要政策性驱动因素，近10年来的基本农田和滨海湿地保护政策降低了耕地和滩涂的缩减量。当前，冀津沿海地区应进一步提高待利用地使用效率，加强土地利用高强度变化区域的生态环境监测与修复。 |
| 关键词: 河北省 天津市 海岸带 土地利用 时空变化 |
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| 基金项目:河北省科学院两院合作项目(201502) |
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| Spatiotemporal Changes and Its Directors of Coastal Land-use in Hebei and Tianjin since Reform Era |
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CHENG Lin, TIAN Hailan, WU Aibin, LIU Xihan, WANG Yanxia
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Institute of Geographic Science,Hebei Academy of Science,Hebei Engineering Research Center for Geographic Information Application
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| Abstract: |
| Coastal zones of Hebei and Tianjin are one of the areas where ports and reclamation projects are concentrated. High-intensity development activities have a profound impact on land use patterns. Based on the remoting sensing monitoring data and its land use classification system of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and four new land-use types-- tidal flats, shallow seas, aquaculture land and salt pan, and land to be used, land use change since the reform and opening-up was researched. Result showed that, (1) Nearly 40 years in researching area, the land-use presents significant spatiotemporal changes and continuous utilization increase, and its total dynamic degree can reach 0.48%. (2) The peak period of land use change was 2000~2010. The high-intensity change areas were mainly concentrated in the range of 3~8km from the coastal zone, especially in Huanghua, Binhai New District, Caofeidian and Laoting. It was indicated by the result of geographical weighted regression, geomorphology, urban area, GDP , population and port were the main divers of land-use utilization variation, and the driving effect of the latter two has increased in 2010. Reliance on land revenue and over-planning were the main policy drivers for the surge in land to be used. Protection policies of cultivated land and coastal wet land effectively reduced the reduction of them. At present, in order to optimize the land use model, following measures should be taken. The utilization efficiency of the land to be used should be improved. Ecological environment monitoring and restoration of areas with high intensity changes in land use should also be strengthened. |
| Key words: Hebei, Tianjin, coastal area, land-use, spatiotemporal changes |