| 摘要: |
| 2020年黄河丰水期入海径流量是往年平均值的2倍以上，必然会引起河口水动力和盐度分布的动态变化。本文基于FVCOM，模拟2020年黄河冲淡水在丰水期和枯水期的扩散情况，研究黄河口以及莱州湾海域的盐度分布状况变化，以及径流量变化和口门变迁对黄河冲淡水扩散的影响。模型结果与观测结果吻合较好。模拟结果表明，黄河口西北侧潮流沿岸线方向，随着涨落潮呈西北-东南向往复；黄河口以南包括莱州湾的潮流均随着涨落潮呈东北-西南方向往复。高流速区域主要集中在黄河口和莱州湾北部，在0.5m/s以上。在余流作用下，大量的黄河冲淡水会涌入莱州湾，丰水期时27psu等盐线包络面积占到整个莱州湾的1/4左右。径流量和风的变化主要影响羽流的扩散面积，而口门的变迁会改变其扩散方向。黄河冲淡水经北向口门入海主要影响莱州湾区域，经东向口门入海更多地会向北扩散。通过对2020年黄河口及莱州湾海域盐度分布的分析，为黄河入海径流管理及莱州湾渔业资源保护提供科学参考。 |
| 关键词: 盐度扩散 黄河羽流 莱州湾 FVCOM |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:NSFC-山东联合重点(U1806227,U1706220),国家自然科学基金(51909114) |
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| Effects of the changes of gate and runoff on salinity distribution around the Laizhou Bay |
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qiaoshouwen1,2, Li Fan3, Qin Huawei3, Shi Hongyuan2
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1.School of ocean and atmosphere, Ocean University of China;2.Institute of Ports and Coastal Disaster Mitigation, Ludong University;3.Shandong Key Laboratory of marine ecological restoration, Shandong Academy of marine resources and environment
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| Abstract: |
| In the wet season of the Yellow River in 2020, the runoff into the sea is more than twice the average value of previous years, which will inevitably lead to the dynamic changes of estuarine dynamics and salinity distribution. Based on FVCOM, this paper simulates the diffusion of fresh water from the Yellow River in wet and dry seasons in 2020, studies the changes of salinity distribution in the Yellow River Estuary and Laizhou Bay, and the effects of runoff changes and gate changes on this diffusion. The model results are in good agreement with the observation results. The simulation results show that the direction of the tidal current in the northwest of the Yellow River estuary is along the shoreline, reciprocating in the northwest to southeast direction with the ebb and flow of the tide. The direction of the tidal current in the south of the Yellow River estuary including Laizhou Bay reciprocates from northeast to southwest with the ebb and flow of the tide. The high velocity area is mainly concentrated around the Yellow River Estuary and the north of Laizhou Bay, which is more than 0.5m/s. Under the action of residual current, a large amount of fresh water from the Yellow River will flow into Laizhou Bay, and the area with salinity below 27psu accounts for about 1/4 of the whole Laizhou Bay in wet season. The change of runoff mainly affects the diffusion area of plume, while the change of gate will change its diffusion direction. The fresh water from the Yellow River flows into the sea through the North gate, which mainly affects the Laizhou Bay, and will spread northward through the East gate. Through the analysis of salinity distribution in the Yellow River Estuary and Laizhou Bay in 2020, it provides a scientific reference for the runoff management of the Yellow River and the protection of fishery resources in the Laizhou Bay. |
| Key words: salinity diffusion Yellow River plume Laizhou bay FVCOM |