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循环水养殖棕点石斑鱼试验及其细菌多样性分析
吴斌
福建省淡水水产研究所
摘要:
为探究棕点石斑鱼在循环水养殖模式中的生长及养殖水体与石斑鱼肠道的菌群特征,51000尾平均体重为13.72 ±0.51g、平均体长为8.90±0.66cm的棕点石斑鱼苗被随机平均分配至6个直径为8 m的PE养殖水槽中,通过循环水设备进行封闭式养殖。结果显示:经过12个月的养殖,棕点石斑鱼的成活率为83.2±7.6%,体重为487.32g±12.68 g、体长为31.24 ±1.22 cm,平均日增重为1.30 g。采取16S rRNA高通量测序技术,定期检测养殖水体和棕点石斑鱼肠道菌群特征。结果显示:循环水养殖系统和棕点石斑鱼肠道中的菌群结构都相对稳定,没有表现出明显的季节差异;水体和棕点石斑鱼肠道的菌群具有一定的关联性,二者之间共有的OTUs (Operational Taxonomic Units)为2259个,主要为发光杆菌属(Photobacterium)和弧菌属(Vibrio)等。水体和肠道样品中还含有大量的特异OTUs,其中棕点石斑鱼肠道中检测出19838个特异性OTU,主要是慢生根瘤菌属(Bradyrhizobium)、红树杆菌属(Mangrovibacter)、瘤胃菌属(Ruminococcaceaege)和嗜冷杆菌属(Psychrobacter)等,这些细菌大部分与鱼类肠道消化和维持肠道菌群平衡相关;养殖水体中检测出34540个特异性OTU,主要是假黄杆菌(Pseudofulvibacter)、极地杆菌(Polaribacter)、嗜中温菌属(Glaciecola)、油螺旋菌属(Oleispira)和海绵菌属(Spongiibacter)等,这些细菌对维持水体中有机物代谢平衡和菌群稳定具有重要的作用。本文为棕点石斑鱼循环水养殖模式的应用推广提供重要参考。
关键词:  循环水养殖  棕点石斑鱼  细菌多样性
DOI:
分类号:
基金项目:2022年福建省海洋服务与渔业高质量发展专项资金项目;2018福建省海洋与渔业结构调整专项资金(闽财指[2018]829号)
Experiment and bacterial diversity analysis of recirculating aquaculture Epinephelus fuscoguttatus
WU Bin
Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian Province
Abstract:
To explore the growth of Epinephelus fuscoguttatus in the circulating aquaculture system and the microflora characteristics of the aquaculture water and the grouper intestine, 51,000 fries of E. fuscoguttatus(body weight of 13.72 ± 0.51 g and body length of 8.90 ± 0.66 cm) were randomly averaged into 6 groups. The groupers in each group were farmed in an 8 m diameter aquaculture tank with recirculating aquaculture system. The results showed that: after 12 months of breeding, the survival rate of E. fuscoguttatus was 83.2 ± 7.6 %, the body weight was 487.32 g ± 12.68 g, the body length was 31.24 ± 1.22 cm, and average daily gain was 1.30 g . 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology was used to regularly detect the microflora characteristics of aquacultured water and E. fuscoguttatus intestine. The results showed that: the microflora structure in both the circulating aquaculture system and the E. fuscoguttatusr gut were relatively stable and did not show significant seasonal differences;the flora of the water and E. fuscoguttatus gut shared 2259 common operational taxonomic units (OTUs), and the main genera were Photobacterium and Vibrio. Most OTUs in the water and gut samples were specific OTUs, among them, 19,838 specific OTUs were detected in gut, and the main genera were Bradyrhizobium, Mangrovibacter, Ruminococcaceae, and Psychrobacter, most of these bacteria were associated with the digestion and microflora balance of fish gut; a total of 34,540 specific OTUs were detected in aquaculture water, the main genera were Pseudofulvibacter, Polaribacter, Glaciecola, Oleispira, and Spongiibacter, which play an important roles in maintaining the metabolic balance of organic matter and microflora stability in aquaculture water. The results of this article will provide an important reference for the application and promotion of circulating aquaculture of E. fuscoguttatus.
Key words:  Epinephelus fuscoguttatus  recirculating aquaculture  bacterial diversity
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