| 摘要: |
| 为了评估香港牡蛎二倍体及三倍体幼虫生物学特征，于2013-2015年，在湛江和北海两地比较了二倍体及三倍体幼虫生长、存活及变态差异，计算了三倍体优势率，评估了倍性与环境效应互作对其表型性状的影响。结果表明：三倍体D形幼虫显著大于二倍体幼虫，之后，伴随着个体增长，生长优势逐渐增大，15日龄时的三倍体优势率为8.9-9.1%。三倍体幼虫存活力与二倍体相当，未出现大量致死现象。三倍体变态规格显著大于二倍体，其优势率为5.1-5.3%；三倍体变态时间显著低于二倍体，但其变态率与二倍体相当，不存在显著差异(P＞0.05)。经过双因子分析模型的方差分析检测，发现倍性和环境效应都会对香港牡蛎幼虫生长产生显著影响(P<0.001)，环境是影响幼虫存活率及变态的主要因子(P<0.05)。本文首次研究了香港牡蛎三倍体幼虫生物学特征，为香港牡蛎多倍体育种提供了理论基础和实践经验。 |
| 关键词: 香港牡蛎 三倍体 幼虫生物学 P×E互作 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S968.3 |
| 基金项目:广东省科技厅项目(2013B020201002,2014B020202011), 国家农业产业体系建设项目(CARS-48)资助. |
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| Comparison of biological characteristics between diploid and triploid Crassostrea hongkongensis larvae |
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QIN Yan-ping,ZHANG Yue-huan,Mo Ri-Guan,LI Jun,XIAO Shu,Ma Hai-tao,YU Zi-niu
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Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology,South China Sea Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences
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| Abstract: |
| The larval survival, growth and metamorphosis for diploid and tripliod Hong Kong oyster Crassostrea hongkongensis were evaluate in at Zhangjiang and Beihai site in 2013-2015 years, and then triploid advantage and the effect of ploidy and environments on the phenotypic traits were analyzed. Results showed that triploid D larvae were significantly larger than diploids, while the growth advantage is gradually increased, and the triploid advantage rate was 8.9-9.1% at the age of 15 day. There were no heavy mortality, and the larval viability was equal by the diploid and triploid individuals. Metamorphic size of triploid larvae was larger than diploid ones; the triploid advantage rate was 5.1-5.3%. Metamorphic duration of triploid larvae was shortened compared to diploid individuals, while metamorphosis of diploid and triploid larvae was almost equal without difference. Using the P×E mode to analysis, it found that the ploidy and environment all have significant impacts on the growth of the larvae (P<0.001), and the environment is the main factor that affects the survival and metamorphosis of the larvae (P<0.05). This is the first study on comparison of biological characteristics between diploid and triploid Crassostrea hongkongensis larvae, provides a theoretical basis and practical experience for oyster polyploid breeding. |
| Key words: Crassostrea hongkongensis triploid biological characteristics Ploidy and environment interaction |