| 摘要: |
| 海上风电场建设期风机打桩会产生高强度的水下噪声,研究水下冲击打桩噪声的监测方法、特性分析及对海洋生物的影响是非常重要的。采用自容式水下声音记录仪,多点同步测量了福建省兴化湾海上风电场二期工程建设期单次完整的水下冲击打桩噪声,从时频域特性进行了分析,并利用最小二乘法拟合得到了打桩声源级和声暴露级。结果表明：水下冲击打桩噪声是典型的低频、高强度的脉冲信号,单个脉冲持续时间约90-100 ms,峰值声源级约209.4 ± 2 dB,声暴露级约197.7 ± 2 dB；主要能量分布在50 Hz-1 kHz频段,750m测量点的该频段声压级相比海洋环境背景噪声,提高了约40-50 dB。水下冲击打桩噪声频域能量分布与大黄鱼的听觉敏感频段相重叠,对大黄鱼影响程度和范围较大,实际工程应用中宜采用声暴露级作为评价指标。 |
| 关键词: 海上风机 水下打桩噪声 声暴露级 大黄鱼 环境影响评价 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:P733.2 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目(41976175)；福建省自然科学基金项目(2020J01696); 福建省教育厅资助项目(JAT190307);自然资源部第三海洋研究所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2019017) |
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| Study on impact of pile driving underwater noise from offshore wind turbines on the Large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea) |
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Niu Fuqiang, Xue Ruichao, Yang Yanming, Ma Li
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Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources
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| Abstract: |
| Pile-driving for wind turbines during offshore wind farm construction has radiated high intensity underwater noise. Therefore, it is very important to study the measuring methods, characteristic analysis of underwater noise and impact on the marine life. In the present study, underwater noise during the entire pilling at the construction phase of Xinghua Bay offshore wind farm phase II project in Fujian Province, China was measured synchronously at multiple stations using self-contained underwater sound recorder. The time and frequency domain analysis was done, and the sound source level and sound exposure level of noise were obtained by Least squares fitting. The results show that underwater noise for pilling is a typical low-frequency, high-intensity impulsive noise, which has the duration of 90 and 100 ms, the peak sound source level of 209.4 ± 2 dB, and the average sound exposure level of 197.7 ± 2 dB for a single pulse. The main energy of pilling noise is distributed in the 50 Hz to 1 kHz frequency band. Comparing with the ambient noise at 750 m distance from the pill-driving station, the sound pressure level was increased by 40 dB – 50 dB in the band at the same measurement station. The energy distribution in the frequency domain of underwater pilling noise overlaps with the auditory sensitive frequency band of large yellow croaker, so the pilling noise will produce a greater impact on the fish. In the practical engineering application, the sound exposure level should be suited as an evaluation index. |
| Key words: offshore wind turbine underwater pile driving noise sound exposure level large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea) Environmental assessment |