| 摘要: |
| 为研究投喂频率及投喂水平对多纹钱蝶鱼（Selenotoca multifasciata)幼鱼生长及饲料利用的影响，实验选取初始湿体重为1.19 ± 0.35g 的多纹钱蝶鱼幼鱼进行养殖，实验为期 60 d。1）投喂频率实验：实验设计 4 组，分别为 F1（8:00 投喂一次），F2（8:00、20:00 投喂两次），F3（8:00、14:00、20:00投喂三次），F4（8:00、12:00、16:00、20:00 投喂四次），每组随机放 80 尾实验鱼，各 2 个平行，观察多纹钱蝶鱼幼鱼生长及饲料利用情况，结果显示：各组终末湿体重、增重率、特定生长率、摄食率、肥满度均随投喂频率增加呈先上升后降低的趋势，F2 与 F3 无显著差异（P > 0.05），F1 与 F4 无显著差异（P > 0.05）。F4 组存活率与其他组差异显著（P < 0.05），F1 组增重率显著低于其他组（P < 0.05），特定生长率最高的 F2 组与 F1、F4 组差异显著（P < 0.05），最低的 F1 组与其他组差异均显著（P < 0.05），4 种投喂频率对摄食率、肥满度、饲料系数及蛋白质效率没有显著影响（P > 0.05）。2）投喂水平实验：实验设计 5 组，分别为 f 0（对照组，每天饱食投喂两次），f 1（每天投喂鱼湿体重 2%），f 2（每天投喂鱼湿体重 4%），f 3（每天投喂鱼湿体重 6%），f 4（每天投喂鱼湿体重 8%）。每组随机放 80 尾实验鱼，设置 2 个平行，观察多纹钱蝶鱼幼鱼生长及饲料利用情况，结果显示：终末湿体重、增重率、特定生长率、摄食率、肥满度均随投喂水平的升高而升高，f 1、f 2、f 3、f 4 组终末湿体重、增重率、特定生长率有显著差异（P < 0.05），而 f 4 组与对照组在终末湿体重、增重率和特定生长率方面无显著差异（P > 0.05），各实验组的存活率无明显差异，f 0、f 3、f 4 组摄食率与其他 2 组差异显著（P < 0.05），而 f 0、f 3、f 4 组间无显著差异（P > 0.05），f 1、f 2 组肥满度显著低于对照组（P < 0.05），f 1 组饲料系数和蛋白质效率与其他组有显著差异（P < 0.05），其他组间差异不显著（P > 0.05）。综合考虑上述指标和养殖成本，本实验中多纹钱蝶鱼的适宜投喂频率为 2 次·d-1，投喂水平为 6~8%，可提高经济效益和生态效益。 |
| 关键词: 多纹钱蝶鱼(Selenotoca multifasciata) 投喂频率 投喂水平 生长 饲料利用 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S963.1 |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划(2019YFD0900405)；中央基本科研业务费重点项目计划(2019Z01) |
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| Effects of feeding frequency and feeding level on growth and feed utilization of Selenotoca multifasciata* |
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LI Qi, LIU Jianyi, SUN Yanqiu, ZOU Xiong, WANG Yu, ZhUANG Ping, FENG Guangpeng, ZHAO Feng, HUANG Xiaorong, YANG Jun
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East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences
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| Abstract: |
| In order to study the effects of feeding frequency and feeding level on the growth and feed utilization of Selenotoca multifasciata, we selected the fish with initial wet weight of (1.19 ± 0.35) g for 60 days experiment. 1）Four groups were designed: F1 (feeding once at 8:00 ), F2 (feeding twice at 8:00 and 20:00), F3 (feeding three times at 8:00, 14:00 and 20:00), F4 (feeding four times at 8:00, 12:00, 16:00 and 20:00). 80 experimental fish were randomly placed in each group. Each group has 2 parallel channels. Observe the growth and feed utilization of Selenotoca multifasciata. The results showed that the final wet weight, weight gain rate, specific growth rate, feeding rate and condition factor of each group increased first and then decreased with the increase of feeding frequency. There was no significant difference between F2 and F3 (P > 0.05), and there was no significant difference between F1 and F4 (P > 0.05). The survival rate of F4 group was significantly higher than that of other groups (P < 0.05), and the weight gain rate of F1 group was significantly lower than that of other groups (P < 0.05). The highest specific growth rate of F2 group was significantly different from that of F1 and F4 groups (P < 0.05), and the lowest specific growth rate of F1 group was significantly different from that of other groups (P < 0.05). Four feeding frequencies had no significant effect on feed rate, condition factor, feed conversion ratio and protein efficiency rate(P > 0.05). 2) Feeding level experiment: Five groups were designed: f 0 (control group, fed twice a day), f 1 (fed 2% of fish wet weight per day), f 2 (fed 4% of fish wet weight per day), f 3 (fed 6% of fish wet weight per day) and f 4 (fed 8% of fish weight per day). 80 experimental fish were randomly placed in each group. Each group has 2 parallel channels. Observe the growth and feed utilization of Selenotoca multifasciata. The results showed that the final wet weight, weight gain rate, specific growth rate, feed rate and condition factor increased with the increase of feeding level, and there were significant differences in the final wet weight, weight gain rate and specific growth rate among f 1, f 2, f 3 and f 4 groups (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in final wet weight, weight gain rate and specific growth rate between f 4 group and control group (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in survival rate among experimental groups. And there was significant difference in feeding rate between f 0, f 3, f 4 group and other two groups (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference among f 0, f 3, f 4 groups (P > 0.05), There were significant differences in feed conversion ratio and protein efficiency rate between f 1 group and other groups (P < 0.05), but there were no significant differences among other groups (P > 0.05). Considering the above indexes and culture cost, the optimal feeding frequency was twice per day. The feeding level is 6% to 8%, which can improve the economic and ecological benefits. |
| Key words: Selenotoca multifasciata feeding frequency feeding level growth feed utilization |