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三种盐度对叶硝水母不同阶段生长和消化酶活性的影响
杨翠华, 张安琪, 江玉立, 齐继光
青岛海洋科技馆 山东 青岛 266003
摘要:
为探讨叶硝水母(PhyllorhizaSchinensis)对盐度的应激响应机制,设置12、22和32共3个盐度梯度,对螅状体、育成体和成体的生长和消化酶活性进行了检测和分析。结果显示人工条件下盐度可引起叶硝水母生活史各阶段生长和消化生理的变化,在三种盐度条件下螅状体均能正常存活和无性繁殖,体内4种消化酶活性均极显著高于育成体和成体(P<0.01),说明螅状体对外界盐度变化表现出较强的适应性,其细胞的渗透调节能力较强,可进一步人工淡水驯化。盐度12有利于育成体和成体的进一步淡化,可作为内陆水族馆和家庭观赏水母用螅状体的保种盐度。盐度22叶硝水母无性繁殖、生长和活力状态较好,4种消化酶活力最高,可作为人工饲养的适宜盐度。各盐度组三个生长阶段胃蛋白酶含量均最高,说明该水母对蛋白质具有较强的消化能力,试验结果为叶硝水母饵料的调整、解析对环境的应激和适应机制及商业养殖开发提供理论依据。
关键词:  叶硝水母  盐度  消化酶  螅状体  水母体
DOI:
分类号:
基金项目:
Influences of Three Salinities on the Growth Performance and Digestive Enzyme Activities at Different Stages of Phyllorhiza chinensis
YANG Cui-hua, ZHANG An-qi, JIANG Yu-li, QI Ji-guang
Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Museum
Abstract:
This study aimed to evaluate that culture salinity levels affected on the growth and digestive enzyme activities of Phyllorhiza chinensis. Three salinity levels (12‰, 22‰ and 32 ‰) were used in cultured jellyfish at three stages of scyphula, juvenile and adult. Results suggested that salinity had changed jellyfish physiological performance about growth and digestion. The scyphula was capable of growth and asexual reproduction in three salinity levels. All digestive enzyme activities (pepsin, cellulase, lipase and amylase) of scyphula were significantly higher than those of juvenile and adult (P<0.01). Appropriate salinity levels had improved growth, survival and digestive enzyme expression in artificial conditions. Salinity 12 was beneficial to the developed body and adult breeding and further desalting, and it could be used as the preservation salinity of scyphula for inland aquarium and home ornamental jellyfish. In salinity 22 jellyfish showed a good state of asexual reproduction, growth performance and vitality, and the activities of four digestive enzymes were the highest, which could be used as a suitable salinity for artificial breeding. The content of pepsin was the highest among the four digestive enzymes due to the high protein in artemia nauplii and the high protein demands. P.chinensis had a stronger ability to degrade protein than cellulose, dietary fats and starches. It was suggested to appropriately increase the ratio of protein in daily bait to reduce the feeding cost. The analyses of results revealed the scyphula showed strong adaptability to external salinity changes, and its cell osmotic regulation ability was stronger than the developed body and adult. Further desalination could be used in inland aquariums and home viewing jellyfish. Artificial domestication of freshwater was possible to improve the economic benefits in the future. Scyphula could asexual reproduce to permanently maintain its characteristic of feeding in fresh water and had strobilated in a certain condition to produce medusa which could be fed in fresh water. And this study provided a theoretical basis for the adjustment of bait, the activation and adaptation mechanism of P.chinensis to environment and its commercial cultivation and development. This test detected a certain cellulase in the digestive cavity. However, further study was required that jellyfish had a complete cellulase system which could produce endogenous cellulose or had symbiotic fungus and bacterial, as zooxanthellae, which could produce exogenous cellulose.
Key words:  Phyllorhiza chinensis  salinity  digestive enzyme  scyphistoma  medusa
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