| 摘要: |
| 团聚牡蛎（Saccostrea malabonensis）广泛分布于西太平洋沿岸，是一种重要的滤食性双壳贝类，具有水体净化和生态支持功能。近年来，该物种在中国沿海的首次记录扩展了其已知的地理分布，但其遗传多样性、种群结构和演化历史仍然缺乏深入研究。本研究通过线粒体基因（COI和16S rRNA）对太平洋海域的中国10个地点，日本3个地点，菲律宾1个地点，孟加拉湾3个地点，加勒比海域5个地点的团聚牡蛎群体进行遗传多样性分析，发现西太平洋海域（中国、日本、菲律宾）的团聚牡蛎没有显著的谱系区分，并且与加勒比群体遗传多样性相似，而孟加拉湾群体与西太平洋群体和加勒比群体之间存在较大遗传差异（Fst = 0.39217，0.38454；P < 0.05），并且孟加拉湾群体的遗传多样性较二者更高。单倍型网络图也显示出一定的源流关系，但受孟加拉湾群体样本量的限制，尚无法明确其与西太平洋各群体间的准确源流关系。此外，加勒比群体的遗传结构与西太平洋的其他群体非常类似，且遗传差异较小，表明加勒比群体可能是通过巴拿马运河的国际航运或船舶附着生物无意引入。种群历史动态分析表明，多个西太平洋的团聚牡蛎种群（中国群体、日本群体、菲律宾群体）可能在末次冰期的气候变暖和海平面上升过程中经历了扩张。 |
| 关键词: 团聚牡蛎 线粒体基因 遗传多样性 种群遗传结构 |
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| 基金项目:本研究得到了以下项目的资助：中国国家自然科学基金(编号：42076092、41906083 和 41776179)、国家重点研发计划(2022YFD2401301、2022FY100304 和 2023YFD2400800)以及山东省重点研发计划(2023CXGC010411)。 |
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| Genetic Diversity of Saccostrea malabonensis (Faustino, 1932) Based on Mitochondrial COI Gene |
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tangzeyu, cuizongmei, chenya, licui, zangguochen, liuzhenqiang, wanghaiyan
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The Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
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| Abstract: |
| Saccostrea malabonensis, a widely distributed filter-feeding bivalve along the western Pacific coasts, plays an important role in water purification and ecological support. In recent years, its first recorded occurrence along the Chinese coast has extended the known geographical range of the species. However, its genetic diversity, population structure, and evolutionary history remain poorly understood. In this study, we analyzed the genetic diversity of S. malabonensis populations across the Pacific region using mitochondrial COI and 16S rRNA genes. Sampling included ten locations in China, three in Japan, one in the Philippines, three in the Bay of Bengal, and five in the Caribbean Sea. The results revealed no significant phylogenetic differentiation among western Pacific populations (China, Japan, and the Philippines), and their genetic diversity levels were comparable to those of the Caribbean populations. In contrast, the Bay of Bengal populations exhibited substantial genetic divergence from both the western Pacific and Caribbean populations (Fst = 0.39217 and 0.38454, respectively; P < 0.05), and harbored higher genetic diversity.Haplotype network analyses suggested possible source-sink relationships among populations; however, due to limited sampling from the Bay of Bengal, the precise historical connections between this region and the western Pacific remain unresolved. Notably, the Caribbean populations showed a genetic structure closely resembling that of the western Pacific populations, with only minor genetic differentiation, suggesting a potential introduction via international shipping or hull fouling through the Panama Canal. Historical demographic analyses indicated that several western Pacific populations (including those from China, Japan, and the Philippines) may have undergone demographic expansion during the post-glacial warming and sea-level rise following the Last Glacial Maximum. |
| Key words: Saccostrea malabonensis mitochondrial genes genetic diversity population genetic structure |