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海气动量通量研究综述
冯兴如1, 李水清2,1, 尹宝树2,1
1.中国科学院海洋研究所 海洋环流与波动重点实验室 青岛;2.中国科学院海洋大科学研究中心
摘要:
海气界面动量通量也称为风应力,是海流和表面海浪的主要驱动力,是海洋从大气获得动量的重要途径。因此,合理可靠的海洋表面风应力的参数化对于海洋、大气和波浪以及气候模式的准确预报都具有非常重要的科学意义和实用价值。对风应力拖曳系数的参数化是风应力参数化的主要内容,近来的观测发现,风应力拖曳系数随着风速的增加出现了先增后减的趋势,同时还与海面的波浪状态以及海流有关系。基于观测或理论分析,目前已经得到了一系列的风应力拖曳系数计算方法或公式,有的考虑了海浪的作用,有的没有,但这些方案大都是适合中低风速,在高风速下的适用性还有待检验。本文回顾了目前在海气动量通量观测和参数化方面的研究进展,并在最后建议,应增加高风速下风速、海流以及海浪等的同步观测,以进一步完善风应力参数化方案。
关键词:  海气动量通量  风应力拖曳系数  参数化方案  海浪
DOI:10.12036/hykxjk20180725001
分类号:
基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上基金(41776016),国家自然科学基金青年基金(41606024)
Review on the study of the momentum flux through air-sea interface
fengxingru,lishuiqing,yinbaoshu
Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Abstract:
The momentum flux of air sea interface, also known as wind stress, is the main driving force for ocean currents and surface waves, it is an important way for the ocean to get momentum from the atmosphere. Therefore, the reasonable and reliable parameterization of the ocean surface wind stress has very important scientific significance and practical value for the accurate prediction of the models of ocean, atmosphere, wave and climate. The parameterization of wind stress drag coefficient is the main content of parameterization of wind stress. Recent observations show that the wind stress drag coefficient increases first and then decreases with the increase of wind speed, and is also related to the wave state of the sea and the current. Based on the observation or theoretical analysis, a series of methods or formulas for calculating the drag coefficient of wind stress have been obtained. Some have considered the effect of sea waves, some not, but most of these schemes are suitable for middle and low wind speed, and the applicability of these schemes at high wind speed remains to be tested. In this paper, the current research progress in the observation and parameterization of sea air momentum flux is reviewed. In the end, it is suggested that the synchronous observation of wind speed, sea current and sea wave should be conducted to further improve the parameterization of wind stress.
Key words:  Momentum flux through air-sea interface  Wind stress drag coefficient  Parameterization method  Ocean waves
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