| 摘要: |
| 核果螺属(Genus Drupa Roeding,1798)全为暖水性较强的种类,系珊瑚礁生物群落的一个组成部分。在中国近海,绝大多数种类仅见于广东省西沙群岛、海南岛南部及台湾省,只有少数种类分布到海南岛北部、广东大陆沿岸及福建东山岛。
我国近海的核果螺,以往的报导多在国外,并且除黑田(1941)外多是一些零星记载。
我们较系统地整理了解放前北京静生生物调查所保存的标本及解放后我所采集的标本共289号,计有个体2857个,共鉴定为20种,其中6种在我国近海为新记录(表1,有*号者)。西沙群岛共发现14种,海南岛南部15种,海南岛北部5种,广东省大陆沿岸仅发现2种。在这20种中。有2种在我国仅见于广东省西沙群岛,有2种仅见于广东省海南岛南部,有一种仅见于广东省海南岛北部、广东省大陆沿岸及福建省东山岛。
核果螺属主要分布于印度一西太平洋,个别种类可扩及非洲西岸及东太平洋。我国的种类,约一半以上广泛分布于印度-西太平洋区;其与印度洋、日本南部、菲律宾、印尼-马来半岛及中太平洋五个海域区系的相似程度大致相等。还应指出两点:(1)出现于中国近海的核果螺中,D. ricina (L.)也见于非洲西岸,D. ricina (L.)、D. morum Roeding、D. uva Roeding 及D. aspera ( Lamarck)4种在东太平洋的克利帕顿群岛亦有出现,但没有与美洲西岸的共有种;(2)出现于中国近海的核果螺中,仅分布于太平洋西岸的种类则较少,只有D. borealis (Pilsbry)为中国及日本一带的特有种,D. biconica (Blainville)为中国、日本及菲律宾一带的特有种。 |
| 关键词: 骨螺科 核果螺属 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:中国科学院海洋研究所调查研究报告第374号 |
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| STUDIES ON SPECIES OF MURICIDAE OFF THE CHINA COASTS Ⅱ. GENUS DRUPA |
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Zhang Fusui
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Institute of Oceanology, Academia Sinica
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| Abstract: |
| The present paper deals exclusively with the species of the genus Drupa of the China coasts. The material studied comprises 289 samples, collected by the Institute of Oceanology, Academia Sinica since 1950 and by the Fan Memorial Institute of Biology before 1949. Out of the 2857 specimens examined, 20 species were identified, of which 6 species are first records for China (with asterisk).
So far as the Chinese seas are concerned, the speeies of the genus Drupa occur only in the South China Sea, and most of them live on coral reefs. A large number of these species are distributed in the Xisha Is.,in southern Hainan and in Taiwan Province. Only 2 species are found along the mainland coast of Guangdong Province.
Of the species studied, D. granulata (Duclos) D.uva Roeding, D. margariticola (Broderip), D. musiva (Kiener) and D. elata (Blainville)are more abundant, while D. clathrata (Lamarck) D. biconica (Blainville) D. borealis (Pilsbry), D. anaxares (Kiener),D.marginata (Blainville), D. ochrostomd (Blainville), D. cancellata (Quoy et Gaimard )are rare. Of these species, 16 are known to be common to Japan, 17 to the Philippines, 13 to the Australia, 16 to the central Pacitic and to the Indian Ocean.It is remarkable that there are 4 species eommon to the east Pacific and 1 species to west Africa. |
| Key words: Drupa Muricidae |
