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| 茶皂素在血吸虫病防治上的应用研究
I.茶皂素对血吸虫中间宿主钉螺的杀灭效果 |
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张楚霜1, 周利红1, 朱金华1, 夏春华2, 朱全芬2, 柳荣祥2
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1.湖南省寄生虫病防治研究所，岳阳414000;2.中国农业科学院茶叶研究所，杭州310008
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| 摘要: |
| 用茶皂素对日本血吸虫中间宿主钉螺进行杀灭试验,初步结果表明,不同产地的茶皂素浸杀成螺、幼螺、蜾卵均有较好的杀灭效果。其中,茶皂素Ⅰ 2.5mg/L,茶皂素Ⅱ,Ⅲ 5.0mg/L,浸杀钉螺的效果均为100%。喷杀成蜾所需浓度较高,效果也稍差。茶皂素对淡水鱼类虽有一定的毒性,但比氯硝柳胺毒性低得多:茶皂素Ⅰ在1.6mg/L以下,茶皂素Ⅱ,Ⅲ在4.0mg/L以下,水温在28℃,48h,鲢鱼全部存活。茶皂素资源丰富,价格低廉,对环境无污染，是具有开发前景的植物杀螺剂。文中还对不同产地的茶皂素的毒性差异原因、使用浓度和方法进行了讨论。 |
| 关键词: 茶皂素，钉螺，毒性 |
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| APPLICATION OF TEA SAPONIN FOR SCHISTOSOMIASIS CONTROLI. USING TEA SAPONIN AS MOLLUSCICIDE AGAINSTONCOMELANIA, THE INTERMEDIATE HOST OF SCHISTOSOMIASIS |
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Zhang Chushuang1, Zhou Lihong1, Zhu Jinhua1, Xia Chunhua2, Zhu Quanfang2, Liu Rongxiang2
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1.Hunan Institute of Parasitic Disease, Yueyang 414000;2.Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008
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| Abstract: |
| Experiments on Oncomelania, the intermediate host of Schistosoma japonicum,showed that tea saponin used as the molluscicide is effective on the adult and juvenile snails and the snail eggs. Mortality of 100% was obtained by immersing the mollusca and their eggs in 2.5-5.0mg/L tea saponin solution and of 82%-90% was obtained by spraying the adult snails with tea saponin at density of 5-20 g/㎡ Compared to Niclosamide,tea saponin is much less toxic to freshwater fish. Tea saponin’s easy availability, low price, botanical origin, and nonniques in using tea saponin as molluscicide are detailed. |
| Key words: Tea saponin, Oncomelania, toxicity |
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