| 摘要: |
| 长江、黄河为我国最大的两条河流，也是世界上很有特色的大河。其发源于世界屋脊——青藏高原，从南、北两边向东流经我国三大地貌类型区，分别流入东海和渤海，流域面积广阔，携带了巨量的水、沙和营养盐类，在河口地区形成了巨大的三角洲，其邻近海域则形成了高生产力的海洋生态环境。因此，两大河流的年径流量、输沙量及其变化对长江、黄河三角洲区和邻近海域的地质地貌特征与生态环境等有极为重要的影响，且是我国陆海相互作用过程中极为重要的环节。由于长江、黄河流域气候条件、下垫面物质组成、流域地质地貌特征、河流入海口位置、海区自然条件以及人类活动影响的差异，使两大河的水沙特征在入海口的造陆速率等方面均有很大的差异。为了进一步了解长江和黄河水沙物质输运及其变化特征，作者选取距长江口门624km，潮区界附近的大通站作为长江干流水沙变化特征的代表，黄河则选用下游利津站作为黄河干流水沙变化特征的代表，将其水沙特征进行对比、分析，为今后研究该地区陆海相互作用提供可靠依据。 |
| 关键词: 长江 黄河 水沙输运 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家“863”海洋监测主题项目(AA633010-05)和中国科学院重大项目(KZ951-B1-403-01)资助。 |
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| A Primary Comparison of Water and Sediment Flux Between the Changjiang River and the Yellow River |
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HUANG Haijun, LI Fan, ZHANG Xiurong
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Institute of Oceanology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences
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| Abstract: |
| Based on data surveyed from 1950 to 1993 at Datong station at lower reach of the Changjiang River and surveyed from 1950 to 1998 at Lijin station at lower reach of the Yellow River, the characteristics of the two river’s water and suspended sediments flux were analyzed. The results showed that there are great differences on their characteristics of water and suspended sediments flux between two big rivers, their extension velocities of delta are different too for the different climate conditions, material constitute on the ground, the geological and geomorphologic characteristics, the position of their estuary, the hydrodynamic condition in sea area near their deltas and the impact from human activities. The total water and sediment resources and their annual distributed pattern are the key factors in the utilization and harnessing the Yellow River. |
| Key words: water and suspended sediments flux annual distributed pattern the Changjiang River and the Yellow River |
