| 摘要: |
| 基于吕宋海峡处黑潮不同流径的识别方法，对1993–2021年的卫星高度计资料进行识别，获取黑潮不同流径的发生时间，探究黑潮入侵南海流径的时间变化规律。结果表明：(1) 黑潮主要以流套（Looping）和分支（Leaking）两种流径入侵南海，Leaking流径发生的时长/概率（710周/46.9%）要远高于Looping流径（218周/14.4%）。(2) Looping流径和Leaking流径均可将高温高盐的西北太平洋水带入南海，前者的温度和盐度更高，强度更大，后者向西延伸距离更远。Looping流径下的平均吕宋海峡上层通量（LST）略大于Leaking流径，两种流径下最大LST均可达25–30 Sv，Looping流径在15–20 Sv区间发生时间最长，Leaking流径在10–15 Sv区间发生时间最长。(3) 季节变化上，Looping流径主要发生在冬季，Leaking流径在冬半年均较强，夏季这两种流径发生概率均较低。(4) Looping流径和Leaking流径均具有显著的年际变化特征，Looping流径在1996年发生时间最长，多达26周，而在2001年的时候几乎没有发生；Leaking流径在2005年发生时间最长，可达40周，而在2013年发生时间最短，仅为4周。(5) Looping流径发生时长呈现0.15周/年上升的长期变化趋势，而Leaking流径则呈现-0.17周/年下降的长期变化趋势，对于整个黑潮入侵时长则呈现下降的变化趋势。(6) Looping流径在季节和年际变化上均受到局地风场的调控，与台湾西南的风应力旋度有着很好的对应关系；而Leaking流径与北赤道流位置在季节和年际尺度上均有着较好的对应关系。 |
| 关键词: 黑潮入侵 流径 吕宋海峡 季节变化 年际变化 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20221100314 |
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| 基金项目: |
附件 |
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| TEMPORAL VARIATION OF THE KUROSHIO INTRUSION PATH INTO THE SOUTH CHINA SEA BASED ON SATELLITE ALTIMETER DATA |
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LIU Yu-Min1, ZHANG Zhi-Wei1, ZHANG Xin-Cheng2, SUN Zhong-Bin2, SHANG Gong2, ZHAO Wei1
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1.Sanya Oceanographic Institution,Ocean University of China;2.Key Laboratory of Physical OceanographyMOEChina / Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multipheres and Earth System,Ocean University of China
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| Abstract: |
| Based on the identification methods of different Kuroshio paths in the Luzon Strait and the altimeter data between 1993 and 2021, the occurrence time of different Kuroshio paths was identified and the temporal variation of the Kuroshio intrusion paths in the Luzon Strait was studied. The results show that: (1) The Kuroshio mainly intrudes into the South China Sea in the paths of Looping and Leaking. The occurrence duration/probability of the Leaking path (710 weeks/46.9%) are much larger than those of the Looping path (218 weeks/14.4%). (2) Both Looping and Leaking paths can carry warmer and saltier northwestern Pacific water into the South China Sea. While the former carries warmer and saltier water and has larger strength, the latter can extend further west. In addition, the mean LST in the Looping path is a little larger than that in the Leaking path and the maximum LST in these two paths both can get up to 25–30 Sv. The Looping path and Leaking path show longer occurrence time in the LST range of 15–20 Sv and 10–15 Sv, respectively. (3) Seasonally, the looping path mainly occurs in winter and the leaking path is strong in the whole winter half year, while both paths are weak in summer. (4) Both Looping and Leaking paths have significant interannual variations. The looping path occurred for the longest time in 1996 (up to 26 weeks), but almost disappeared in 2001; The leaking path occurred for the longest time in 2005 (up to 40 weeks), but shortest in 2013 (only 4 weeks). (5) The occurrence duration of the Looping/Leaking path shows a long-term increasing/decreasing trend of 0.15/-0.17 week/year and the total occurrence time of Kuroshio intrusion presents a long-term decreasing trend. (6) The looping path is mainly modulated by the local wind and wind stress curl southwest of Taiwan Island at both seasonal and interannual time scales, while the leaking path is associated with the location of the North Equatorial Current. |
| Key words: Kuroshio intrusion SSpaths SSLuzon Strait SSseasonal variation SSinterannual variation |