引用本文:	王荣,鲁北伟,李超伦,王文琪,吉鹏.南极磷虾年龄组成的体长频数分布混合分析.海洋与湖沼,1995,26(6):598-605.

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南极磷虾年龄组成的体长频数分布混合分析
王荣^1,2, 鲁北伟^1,2, 李超伦^1,2, 王文琪^1,2, 吉鹏^1,2
1.中国科学院海洋研究所青岛;266071

摘要:

本文依据1989／1990和1990／1991两个南极夏季在普里兹湾以北海域所获的拖网样品，应用分布混合分析方法，研究大磷虾种群的年龄结构。结果表明，种群内最多可能包括6个年龄组：当年幼体，l⁺，2⁺，3⁺，4⁺和5⁺龄虾。年龄组成的地区变化较大，特别是1⁺龄虾，有时很强，有时完全不存在；5⁺龄虾的比重很小，平均不到1%，在多数样品中分析不出来。在全部6734尾所分析的大磷虾（当年幼体0⁺不包括在内）中，1⁺龄占25.63%，2⁺龄占22.53%，3⁺龄占43.46%，4⁺龄占7.89%，5⁺龄占0.49%。由于取样点都在外海，1⁺和2⁺龄虾的比例大大低于大磷虾种群实际应有的比例。在成体中3⁺龄虾占绝对优势（83.8％），反映生殖后的死亡率相当高。从各年龄组的平均体长可以发现，从未成体（1⁺）到次成体（2⁺）体长增长很快（14.22 mm/a），而从次成体到成体（3⁺），生长主要是性腺发育，体长增长缓慢（5 mm/a）。

关键词: 南极磷虾年龄组成普里兹湾

DOI：

分类号:

基金项目:国家八五攻关专题，85－905－02－01号

附件

AGE-GROUPS OF ANTARCTIC KRILL (EUPHAUSIA SUPERBA DANA) BY DISTRIBUTION MIXTURE ANALYSIS FROM LENGTH-FREQUENCY DATA

Wang Rong,Lu Beiwei,Li Chaolun,Wang Wenqi,Ji Peng

Institute of Oceanology, Academia Sinica, Qingdao 266071

Abstract:

Age-groups of krill (Euphausia superb Dana) collected from the Prydz Bay region in austral summer of 1989/1990 and 1990/1991 were studied by means of distribution mixture analysis from length-frequency data. The results showed that krill population might consist of as many as six age-groups: 0⁺, 1⁺, 2⁺, 3⁺, 4⁺ and 5⁺. Differences in age structure of samples collected at different stations were great, especially in the strengths of 1⁺ age-groups. Age group 5⁺ was very weak (small), no more than 1% by average. Among the 6 734 specimens (larvae not included) analysed, 1⁺ accounted for 25.63%; 2⁺, 22.53%; 3⁺, 43.46%; 4⁺, 7.89% and 5⁺ 0.49%. The proportions of 1⁺ and 2⁺ age-groups observed might be much lower than the real ones in the krill population, since all the samples used for the present study were from the open area. That the 3⁺ was the dominant (87.3%) age-group among the adults indicated that mortality after spawning must be high. The increases between the mean body lengths of successive age groups showed that high growth rate (14 mm/a) occured in the stage from 1⁺ juvenile to the 2⁺ subadult, and decreased rapidly (5 mm/a) during the stage from subadult to the adult (3⁺), owing to the growth of sexual products.

Key words: Antarctic krill, Population structure, Prydz Bay