摘要: |
于1990年8月 - 1992年4月在汉阳县军江渔场采集鳜标本,运用形态学和行为学实验方法研究其侧线管的形态结构和捕食行为反应特性。结果表明,职眶上管、眶下管管腔和神经丘直径最大,部分管道未埋入骨组织中;躯干部侧线管管腔和神经丘直径最小,全部埋人鳞片中;前鳃盖下颌管、眼后管等头部侧线管管腔和神经丘直径介于前二者之间,全部埋入骨组织中。饭测线对头部前上方振动刺激很敏感并可诱导捕食反应;对头部侧面振动刺激反应不强,对躯干侧面和后方振动刺激仅有警戒反应。据此,认为鳜头上部位直径大、未完全理入骨组织中的侧线管感觉灵敏性较高,适于对其前上方活动猎物进行近距离识别、定位;而其它部位直径小、完全理入骨组织中的测线管感觉灵敏性较低,可保证鳜在复杂生境中觅食时避免碰撞其它物体。 |
关键词: 鳜 侧线管 行为反应 捕食习性 |
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THE STRUCTURE AND BEHAVIOURAL RESPONSE OF LATERAL LINE OF SINIPERCA CHUATSI IN RELATION TO ITS FEEDING HABIT |
Liang Xufang
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Institute Of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072
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Abstract: |
The structure and behavioural response of the lateral line canal system of a nocturnal predator, Siniperca chuatsi collected from the Junjiang Fish Farm (Hanyang County, Hubei Province) in October, 1990. and in May, 1991 were studied by Jakubowski’s method for manifestation of lateral line canals and their neuromasts and observing the behavioural response of aquaria fish to mechanical stimuli.
This study of the canal system structure revealed a cutaneous fringe running on each side up to the snout tip and back to the tail of the fish. The supraorbital and infraorbital canals were well developed with maximum canal lumen. Most of the neuromasts in the two canals were obviously big, and protected only by bony bridges. The lumen of other canals narrowed gradually backwards and downwards, and were covered with bone over large spaces.
Behavioural experiments on blinded fish showed two kinds of responses to stimuli of low frequency vibration (<10Hz) from different regions near the fish. The stimuli elicited feeding responses when applied before and over the fish mouth at behavior occurrence frequency of 51% and 55%. The fish was less responsive to stimuli from other regions near its head, at behaviour occurrence frequency below 30%. Alarm could only be observed when the stimuli were around the fish trunk.
The presence of the rather well developed supre-and infra-orbital canals and the less well developed other canals indicates that the former may serve as a good substitute sensory organ for eyes to detect movable prey, and the latter to avoid striking obstacles during feeding of the fish in darkness. |
Key words: Siniperca chuatsi, Lateral line canal, Behavioural response, Feeding habit |