| 摘要: |
| 于1990年6月在哈尔滨市东北林业大学实验林场一水池中采到微齿喜马拉雅低额溞，根据实验结果应用生物统计学方法对它的生长和种群增长进行研究。结果表明，在不同温度条件下性成熟时间与水温的关系为，雌性（10-30°C）：h=8072t-1.313（r=0.985, P＜0.01）；雄性（5-25°C）：h=1074t-0.855（r=0.9844，P＜0.01）。在20±1°C条件下，其体长增长模型为：lt=3.334-2.7345e-0.1117t。龄期（x）与年龄（t，d）的关系为：雌体：t=0.07169x2＋1.3808x-1.7361；雄体：t=0.8425x2＋2.534x-1.8600。内禀增长率（rm）为0.4076。种群增长呈“logistic”型，其方程式为：y=3625/[1+e(3.848-0.164t)]。 |
| 关键词: 微齿喜马拉雅低频溞，生长，种群增长，内禀增长率 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:水产养殖国家教委开放研究实验室开放基金与蔡火石生物科学发展基金联合资助项目，蔡火石生物科学发展基金项目：94120808号 |
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| STUDIES ON THE GROWTH AND MODEL OF POPULATION GROWTH IN SIMOCEPHALUS HIMALAYENSIS MICRODUS |
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Shi Xinlu1, Yu Lijie2, Zhang Dawei2, Shi Xinbai2
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1.Open Laboratory on Aquacultural Researck of the State Educational Committee of China,Ocean University of Qingdao,Qingdao 266003;2.Department of Biology, Haerbin Normal University, Haerbin 150080
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| Abstract: |
| Simocephalus himalayensis microdus was collected in June 1990 from a perpetually clear water pool in the experimental tree farm of Northeast Forestry University in Haerbin, Heilongjiang Province. The samples was reared at 5 - 30°C, and fed with Scenedesmus obliqnus at density of 4×105 cell/ml. It was found that Simocephalus himalayensis microdus has 4 pre-adult instars and 15 - 18 adult instars. The female keep living for at most about 48.7±8.92 days at 20°C, and the males for about 28 days at 15°C. The female needs about one minute (the male about 30 - 40 seconds) to get rid of the old carapace. Population parameters regarding growth, longevity and population increase were recorded throughout their life-span.
1. The growth of body-length (lt, in mm) in relation to age (t, in day) can be described as lt=3.334–2.7345e-0.1117t.
2. Temperature is a most important factor influencing the growth speed. In certain range of temperature, the growth speed directly proportional to the temperature, higher temperature shortens the time for the development to maturity. The relationship between the age at maturity and water temperature of 10 - 30°C, for female is: h=8072t-1.313 (r=0.985, P＜0.01); for male, for temperature of 5 - 25°C is: h=1074t-0.855 (r=0.9844, P＜0.01). (Fig.3)
3. The mean longevity of individuals was estimated to be 48.7±8.92 days or 18±2.11 instars. The relationship between instar (x) and age (t) is given approximately as t=0.07169x2+1.3808x-1.7361 for female and t=0.0425x2+2.534x-1.86 for male. (Fig.4)
4. The life expectancy and specific fecundity table of Simocephalus himalayensis microdus are given in Tab.1. The innate capacity for increase (rm) as computed from the tables is 0.4076 per female per day; the net reproduction rate (R0) is 359.298 per generation and the mean length of a generation (T) is 14.4 days. (Tab.1)
5. In a population originated from 10 individuals, the population growth curve of Simocephalus himalayensis microdus may be expressed as: y=3625/[1+e(3.848–0.164t)], in which y denotes total individuals and t, days. (Fig.5) |
| Key words: Simocephalus himalayensis microdus, Growth, Population growth, Innate capacity for increase |
