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引用本文:郭智昌,赵进平.北极海冰数值模拟研究述评.海洋与湖沼,1998,29(2):219-228.
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北极海冰数值模拟研究述评
郭智昌1,2, 赵进平1,2
1.中国科学院海洋研究所 青岛;266071
摘要:
根据国内外近年发表的主要文献,详细介绍北极海冰数值模拟工作的最新进展。综合评述各种主要动力学模式的特点和不足,指出与数值模式有关的主要物理问题,重点介绍海冰模式所特有的问题以及海冰数值模拟工作的发展方向。对以往的数值工作和海冰数值模拟的主要问题进行了总结,并在理论和实践方面进行了深入探讨,有助于我国相关工作的开展。
关键词:  北极  海冰  数值模拟
DOI:
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基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目,49476275号
附件
A REVIEW OF ARCTIC SEA ICE NUMERICAL MODELS
GUO Zhi - chang,ZHAO Jin - ping
Insititule of Oceanology, The Chinese Academy of deiences, Qingdao, 266071
Abstract:
Arctic sea ice plays a key role in the global climate system. A sea ice numerical model is useful for forecasting the status and variation of sea ice distribution and its effect on the global climate system, and is an important tool in study of ice drifting, distribution of ice thickness and concentration, and the relevant dynamic and thermodynamic processes. In the past few decades, many kinds of numerical models have been developed for studying the behavior and distribution of arctic ice cover. In this paper, the current development of the arctic sea ice models is reviewed, the main ideas of these models are presented, and the successes and failures of these models in improving understanding of the dynamics and thermodynamics of arctic sea ice are evaluated. At the same time, a large number of works and problems that concern the sea ice, atmosphere, ocean and their interactions, as well as the effects of arctic ice in the global climate system using these models are discussed in detail.

Thermodynamic processes in arctic ice are mainly considered in numerical models of Maykut et al (1971), Semtner (l976), Parkinson et al (1979), etc, to describe important thermodynamic factors. Meanwhile, great progress of arctic ice models has been made in improving the dynamic description of arctic sea ice behavior by Campbell (1965), Coon (1980), Hibler (1979), etc. Based on the studies mentioned above, Hibler (1980), Walsh (1985), Semtner (1987) and Oberhuber (1993) developed dynamic - thermodynamic models and coupled 0cean-ice models for realistic simulation considering dynamic and thermodynamic processes of arctic sea ice. Up to now, the dynamic - thermodynamic ice model can reasonably simulate the drifting pattern, ice cover extent and thickness distribution in arctic ocean. But it is still beyond the ultimate goal to couple these models with atmospheric and oceanic models.

The further improvement on arctic ice model can be expected in the following research directions. (1) The ice model’s parameterization schemes for thermodynamic processes are not enough to model these processes in marginal ice zone as well as between water and sea leads, but we can expect to get further improvement. (2) Developing variable thickness ice models to study the dynamic and thermodynamic effects of varying thickness of the ice cover. (3) Developing more reasonable rheology to improve the modeling of the internal ice stresses. (4)The coupled ocean-ice model can improve the results of calculation on the location of ice edge and other ice cover properties such as mean ice thickness and concentration. Development of air-ice-ocean coupling model will be an important future direction in studying the role of the Arctic in the global climate.

Key words:  Arctic, Sea ice, Numerical models
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