引用本文:	韩凤清,黄麒,梁青生,刘建华,刘书田.柴达木盆地盐湖环境中超铀元素的分布特征.海洋与湖沼,1998,29(5):520-526.

【打印本页】【HTML】【下载PDF全文】【查看/发表评论】【下载PDF阅读器】【关闭】

过刊浏览高级检索

本文已被：浏览 1278次下载 1553次	码上扫一扫！
分享到：微信更多字体:加大+\|默认\|缩小-
柴达木盆地盐湖环境中超铀元素的分布特征
韩凤清^1,2, 黄麒^1,2, 梁青生^1,2, 刘建华^1,2, 刘书田^3,4
1.中国科学院盐湖研究所西宁;2.810008;3.中国原子能科学研究院北京;4.102413

摘要:

1993年采用α谱仪和大面积屏栅电离定对柴达木盆地盐湖水、地下水、河水以及地表和两个钻孔沉积物中的U，Pu和Am进行了测定。结果表明，各类水样中²³⁹Pu（含²⁴⁰Pu，下同）的平均含量高出表层海水约1000倍，其²³⁹Pu/²³⁸U的活度比在0.001-0.530之间；两钻孔沉积物中²³⁹Pu的平均值分别为4.9±0.8mBq/g和2.4±0.5mBq/g，²³⁹Pu/²³⁸U的活度比为0.141和0.088，由此探讨了U，Pu和Am的分布特征、²³⁹Pu/²³⁸U比值的变化规律以及沉积物和水中Pu的来源。

关键词: 超铀元素分布特征 Pu的成因柴达木盆地

DOI：

分类号:

基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目，49070136号

附件

DISTRIBUTION PATTERNS OF TRANSURANIUM IN SALT LAKE ENVIRONMENTS IN QAIDAM BASIN, NORTHWEST CHINA

HAN Feng-qing,HUANG Qi,LIANG Qing-sheng,LIU Jian-hua,LIU Shu-tian

1.Institute of Salt Lakes, The Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xining, 810008;2.Institute of Atomic Energy of China, Beijing, 102413

Abstract:

In 1993, U, Pu, Am contents were determined by alpha spectrometry and a large-area screen-grid chamber, for fresh waters (river, well, hot spring and underground waters), salt lake brines and sediments from Qaidam Basin, northwest China. The average contents of transuranium and their variations (represented by the data in parentheses) are as follows: 1) ²³⁸U: 2028 (5.8 - 5380) mBq/L in brines, 420 (74 - 806) mBq/L in fresh waters, 50 (4.3 - 171) mBq/g in the sediments of Gasikule Salt Lake (SGSL) and 29 (0.13 - 71) mBq/g in the sediments of Kunteyi Salt Lake (SKSL); 2) ²³⁹Pu: 7.4 (3.1 - 16.7) mBq/L in brines, 7.9 (2.l - 19.7) mBq/L in fresh waters, 4.9 (2.0 - 18.0) mBq/g in SGSL and 2.4 (0.012 - 5.8) mBq/g in SKSL; 3) ²³⁹Pu/²³⁸U average active ratios: 0.085 (0.001 - 0.53) in brines, 0.031 (0.004 - 0.091) in fresh waters, 0.141 (0.040 - 0.91) in SGSL and 0.088 (0.022 - 0.26) in SKSL; 4) ²³⁸Pu: 0.35 (0.20 - 0.50) mBq/g in travertine,0.28 (0.10 - 0.78) mBq/g in SGSK and 0.13 (0.05 - 0.68) mBq/g in SKSL; and 5) ²⁴¹Am: 2.26 (0.27 - 4.5) mBq/L in brines.

Pu in the various waters and salt lake's top layer sediments (within 22 m from the bed) originates mainly from nuclear tests and accidents, on the contrary, Pu in salt lake's bottom layer Sediment (22 m below the bed) is mainly from nature nuclear reaction. U in the various waters and sediments is derived from chemical weathering of rocks and minerals around Qaidarn Basin.

Key words: Transuraniums, Distributional characteristics, Origin of Pu, Qaidam Basin