| 摘要: |
| 以一种标准实验生物卤虫Artemia salina Leach为实验材料, 初步研究了一种鱼毒性赤潮藻———赤潮异弯藻Heterosigma akashiwo的毒性及其来源。结果表明, 赤潮异弯藻能强烈抑制卤虫的运动能力, 0.1、1.5、6和24h时,赤潮异弯藻对卤虫运动的半影响浓度分别为1.5×104、7.5×103、4.5×103、3×103 cells/ml,但在较低浓度3×103 cells/ml的赤潮异弯藻中,经过48h,卤虫的运动能力能够恢复到正常水平。通过对该藻各组分: 藻液(algal culture)、藻细胞悬浮液(re-suspended cells)、去藻过滤液(cell-free medium)、藻细胞内容物(cell contents)和藻细胞碎片(cell fragments)的毒性比较, 发现藻液、藻细胞悬浮液和藻细胞碎片对卤虫的活力有显著抑制作用, 而去藻过滤液及藻细胞内容物无影响, 结合致毒途径藻细胞结构, 可以推断毒性物质来源于藻细胞表面。经苯酚硫酸法和紫外可见光范围的吸收扫描,结合该藻藻的细胞结构报道结果, 分离到的毒性组分推断为多糖类物质, 本实验结果将有助于了解赤潮异弯藻对海洋生物危害的毒性作用机制。
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| 关键词: 赤潮异弯藻,卤虫,毒性 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz200301007007 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目,49906007号,20177023号,39950001号,40076030号;国家重点基础研究项目资助,2001CB409700号;中国科学院知识创新工程KZCX2-206和院长基金项目;山东省科技攻关项目资助,012110115号 |
附件 |
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| THE PRELIMINARY STUDY ON TOXICITY OF HETEROSIGMA AKASHIWO AND THE TOXICITY SOURCE |
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YAN Tian, ZHOU Ming-Jiang, FU Meng, YU Ren-Cheng, WANG Yun-Feng, LI Jun, Tan Zhi-Jun
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Institute of Oceanology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences
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| Abstract: |
| Raphidophyte Heterosigma akashiwo (Hada) Taylor was a fish-killing HAB species. In this paper, we studied its toxicity using brine shrimp Artemia salina Leach and explored the toxicity source. In the experiment, 2—3 days Artemia was exposed to different dilutions of the algal cultures. The results indicated that the swimming speed of Artemia decreased with increased algal concentration and exposure time. EC50 values at 0.1, 1.5, 6 and 24h were 1.5×104, 7.5×103, 4.5×103 and 3×103 cells/ml, respectively. Under higher algal concentrations of 1.5×104 cells/ml, Artemia could not migrate after exposure to H. akashiwo for over 48h, but was observed to remain in a fixed location despite attempted to move. The majority of Artemia survived regardless of these adverse effects on migration. At lower concentrations of 3×103—6×103 cells/ml, Artemia recovered to swim normally after 48 hours. The toxicities of cell-free medium, re-suspended cells, as well as cell contents, and cell fragments were compared. The results found that re-suspended cells and cell fragments produced similar sublethal effect as algal culture, while the cell-free medium and cell contents had little effect. The results implied that substances on, or attached to the algal cell surface were responsible for the toxicity. The alga was extracted and the toxic substance was proved to be polysaccharide with low UV absorption. The results may help us for better understanding the harmful impact of this species on marine organism and marine ecosystem.
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| Key words: Heterosigma akashiwo, Artemia salina, Toxicity |
