| 引用本文: | 邬建勇,王金辉,秦玉涛,叶属峰,蒋晓山,程祥圣.长江口表层水体的生态遗传毒性初步研究.海洋与湖沼,2006,37(1):20-27. |
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| 长江口表层水体的生态遗传毒性初步研究 |
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邬建勇, 王金辉, 秦玉涛, 叶属峰, 蒋晓山, 程祥圣
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国家海洋局东海环境监测中心
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| 摘要: |
| 采用Ames试验方法,结合浮游动物多样性数据和一些水质理化参数的分析,对长江口表层水体的生态遗传毒性进行初步研究。结果表明,长江口南支的水样有明显的遗传毒性,而河口外海滨区的部分样品在加入S9活化后也表现出一定的遗传毒性,口外海区样品没有遗传毒性。浮游动物的调查结果显示,长江口南支水样中浮游动物的密度及多样性都较低,口外海区较高。统计分析也表明,遗传毒性数据和生物多样性数据存在着一定的线形关系。这说明长江口表层水体污染物的毒性效应在分子水平和生物群落水平上有相关性。而二者与水质参数的相关分析表明,遗传毒性与多数所测水质理化因子之间没有相关性,但浮游动物多样性与部分理化参数有一定的相关性。同时,本文也从实践上证明,在河口、近岸海域的环境监测中开展遗传毒性检测具有可行性和必要性。 |
| 关键词: 长江口，生态毒理学，遗传毒性，浮游动物，生物多样性 |
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| 基金项目:国家海洋局青年科学基金项目,2002109号;国家海洋局近岸海域生态环境重点实验室开放基金项目,200434号 |
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| A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON ECOGENOTOXICITY OF SURFACE WATER IN CHANGJIANG (YANGTZE) RIVER ESTUARY |
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WU Jian-Yong, WANG Jin-Hui, QIN Yu-Tao, YE Shu-Feng, JIANG Xiao-Shan, CHENG Xiang-Sheng
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East China Sea Environment Monitoring Center,State Oceanic Administration,Shanghai
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| Abstract: |
| This paper studied preliminarily the ecogenotoxicity of the surface water in Changjiang (Yangtze) River estuary in a zooplankton investigation in perspective of genotoxicity assay, and physico-chemical analysis on several water parameters. Ten 25L water samples were collected in terms of the distance and relative position to the river mouth, three water areas were divided: proximal, distant and in-between. Station ES01, ES02 lie in the south branch o f the Changjiang River estuary, which is near Shanghai shore, and station ES10 is located in Shengshan coastal waters, which is the sea area out of the estuary, the other stations are at the seaward end of the estuary.
Each sample was flowed through XAD-2 and XAD-7 mixed resin column, then washed by 100ml acetone. The elute was evaporated to dryness. The residue was dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) to final volume of 1.25ml. Then, the concentrated samples were assayed following Ames method with strain TA98 and TA100. The samples ES01 and ES02 in the south branch of the estuary, the proximal region, were showed genotoxicity with Salmonella typhimurium strain TA98 in the absence of S9 incubation. In the involvement of S9 cocktails, four samples (ES01, ES02, ES04 and ES05) from the proximal region and the seaward area of the estuary as well showed positive mutagenic responses by the strain TA98. The sample ES10 which was distant from the estuary was not detected any mutagenicity. However, mutagenic response was not detected too with or without S9 incubation by the strain TA100. In addition, the investigation displayed the zooplankton communities were more diverse at the station ES10. Magaref indexes (D) and Shannon-Wiener index (H') at this station was also higher than that of the other stations. In the stations ES01 and ES02, only one species was detected and D and H' in these stations were the lowest. According to the results, these was a trend that the density and diversity of zooplankton were lower in the proximal region than in the sea area out of the estuary. At the same time, several water physico-chemical parameters, such as salinity, PO3-4-P, Chl-a, and so on, were monitored. Based on chemical analysis, the concentrations of PO3-4-P and TIN were at or above the standard of c lass Ⅳ marine water, and the concentrations of Cu, Pb and As were at or below the standard of class Ⅳ marine water. Statistical analysis illustrated that both genotoxicity and biodiversity had a negative linear relationship. Since both indexes analyzed were indicators of water pollution, the adverse effects of pollutants that may impact on aquatic ecosystem would be consistent essentially in different levels from molecule to organism communities. Furthermore, the correlation analysis was conducted for genotoxicity to biodiversity and water parameters respectively. Genotoxicity was found no clear relation to most water physico-chemical parameters. However, the diversity of zooplankton had certain correlation to salinity, PO3-4-P and Chl-a. The authors suggested to carry out multiple observational investigation to deepen the knowledge on eco-environment in estuary or coastal waters. Genotoxicological assays, such as Ames test, should be treated as a routine marine environment monitoring procedure in China. |
| Key words: Changjiang River estuary, Ecotoxicology, Genotoxicity, Zooplankton, Biodiversity |
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