| 引用本文: | 杨品红,王志陶,夏德斌,李梦军,谢春华,刘良国,王文彬.黑花鳙(Aristichthys nobilis)和白花鳙肌肉营养成分分析及营养价值评定.海洋与湖沼,2010,41(4):549-554. |
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| 黑花鳙(Aristichthys nobilis)和白花鳙肌肉营养成分分析及营养价值评定 |
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杨品红1, 王志陶2, 夏德斌3, 李梦军4, 谢春华4, 刘良国3, 王文彬3
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1.湖南文理学院生命科学学院,湖南省水产工程技术研究中心,大湖水殖股份有限公司;2.湖南文理学院生命科学学院,中国科学院水生生物研究所;3.湖南文理学院生命科学学院;4.湖南省水产工程技术研究中心,大湖水殖股份有限公司
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| 摘要: |
| 采用常规营养成分分析方法, 研究了新选育品种黑花鳙和白花鳙F2 代的含肉率、肌肉生化成分和能值。结果表明, 二者的含肉率分别为77.47%和77.53%; 鲜样中肌肉生化成分分别为: 水分80.56%和79.38%, 蛋白质17.01%和17.67%, 脂肪0.87%和1.20%, 灰分1.25%和1.35%, 比能值4.43kJ/g 和4.72kJ/g; 干样中黑花鳙17 种氨基酸总含量(81.32g/100g), 9 种人体必需氨基酸含量(40.05g/100g), 四种呈味氨基酸含量(29.13g/100g)均小于白花鳙 (86.63, 42.04, 31.57g/100g), 但其必需氨基酸/氨基酸总含量(49.25%)以及必需氨基酸/非必需氨基酸(0.97)均大于白花鳙(48.53%, 0.94)[以上差异均不显著(P>0.05)]; 二者的限制性氨基酸为缬氨酸、亮氨酸和苏氨酸。黑花鳙必需氨基酸与总氮的克数比(2.62)以及必需氨基酸指数(77.98)均小于白花鳙(2.67, 79.6), 但都大于湖北等产地的鳙鱼。两种新选育的鳙鱼开发利用前景看好。
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| 关键词: 黑花鳙, 白花鳙, 含肉率, 营养成分, 氨基酸, 营养价值评价 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz201004013013 |
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| 基金项目:湖南省高校科技创新团队支持计划资助, 2010—2012; 湖南省“十一五”重点建设学科“动物学”项目, 07-A-2 号; 湖南省高校产学研示范基地——水生生物资源与利用, 2008—2010。 |
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| ANALYSIS OF NUTRITIONAL COMPOSITIONS AND EVALUATION OF NUTRITIONAL QUALITY OF MUSCLE OF ARISTICHTHYS NOBILIS BLACK-SPOT AND ARISTICHTHYS NOBILIS WHITE-SPOT |
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YANG Pin-Hong1,2,3, WANG Zhi-Tao1,4, XIA De-Bin1, LI Meng-Jun2,3, XIE Chun-Hua2,3, LIU Liang-Guo1, WANG Wen-Bin1
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1.College of Life Science, Hunan University of Arts and Science;2.Hunan Province Marine Products Engineering Technique Research Center;3.Dahu Aquaculture Co., Ltd.;4.Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
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| Abstract: |
| In this paper, measurements were made on the ratios of flesh in whole body and the biochemical composition, energy and amino acids of muscle in the F2 generations of Aristichthys nobilis Black-spot and A. nobilis White-spot, which were newly breeding fishes originally living in the four major Chinese carps breeding site in Changsha. Samples of 6 individuals of each group were collected. The ratios of flesh in whole body of A. nobilis Black-spot and A. nobilis White-spot were 77.47% and 77.53%, respectively. The biochemical compositions (%, wet) of A. nobilis Black-spot and A. nobilis White-spot were that: the moistures of muscle were 80.56% and 79.38%, protein 17.01% and 79.38%, fat 17.01% and 17.67%, ash 1.25% and 1.35%, non-nitrogen extract 0.37% and 0.40%, the content of energy were 4.43kJ/g and 4.72kJ/g, while as E/P were 26.04kJ/g and 26.71kJ/g, respectively. Seventeen common amino acids and nine essential amino acids for human were found in the composition of amino acids of muscle.
In the dry sample of A. nobilis Black-spot, the total content of amino acids, which was 81.32g/100g, the content and ratio of essential amino acids, which were 40.05g/100g and 49.25%, respectively, the content and ratial of 4 kinds delicious amino acids, which were 29.13g/100g and 35.82%, respectively, were lower than that of A. nobilis White-spot, with 86.63g/100g, 40.05g/100g, 48.53%, 31.57g/100g and 36.44%, respectively, Whereas the percentages of essential amino acids in total amino acids (49.25%) and essential amino acids to non-essential amino acids (0.97) were higher than that of A. nobilis White-spot, with 48.53% and 0.94, respectively, however all the differences mentioned above were not significant (P>0.05); According to nutrition evaluation [i.e., the amino acids score (AAS) and chemical score (CS)], the limited amino acid of A. nobilis Black-spot and A. nobilis White-spot were valine, leucine and threonine, while the first limited amino acid was valine, with leucine as the first limited amino acid of A. nobilis Black-spot on the basis of AAS; The essential amino acids gram to total nitrogen gram (E/TN) and the essential amino acids index of A. nobilis Black-spot were lower than that of A. nobilis White-spot, with 2.62, 77.98 and 2.67, 79.6, respectively (P> 0.05), but both of them are higher than that of A. nobilis from other producing areas, indicating that: both A. nobilis Black-spot and A. nobilis White-spot, the new kinds of freshwater fishes with better nutritive value and raising value, deserving of exploitation and utilization and have a good economic prospects.
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| Key words: Aristichthys nobilis Black-spot, Aristichthys nobilis White-spot, The ratio of muscle to body, Nutritional composition, Amino acid, Nutrition evaluation |
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