| 摘要: |
| 当前我国池塘养殖多数仍沿用传统的池塘养殖模式, 普遍存在以下问题: 高密度养殖、饵料大量投喂、池塘水质恶化、病害频发等。然而传统的应对方法主要是大量换水, 由此产生的养殖废水直接排放到临近水域, 已导致污染扩散、水环境恶化、水域富营养化等系列问题。为降低池塘养殖面源污染, 确保池塘养殖业健康可持续发展, 本文介绍了目前运用于修复池塘养殖水环境的生物修复主要方法, 包括: 微生物修复法——微生态制剂和固定化微生物、植物修复、动物修复法、生物膜法、几种生物修复技术的综合运用等方法, 展望了生物修复方法在池塘养殖水环境修复方面的应用前景, 认为池塘养殖生物膜修复法因具有良好且稳定的水质改良、节能减排及增产增效等效果而具有广阔的应用推广前景。 |
| 关键词: 生物修复 生物膜 池塘养殖 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz201305021021 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项项目, 201203083号; 海洋公益性行业科研专项项目, 2012148033号; 国家海洋局海洋经济创新发展区域示范专项，2012FJ03号；厦门市科技局高校创新项目, 3502Z20113026号; 鳗鲡现代产业技术教育部工程研究中心开放基金，ZK2013004号。 |
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| THE APPLICATION AND RESEARCH PROGRESS OF BIOREMEDIATION IN POND AQUACULTURE |
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DENG Lai-Fu, JIANG Xing-Long
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Fisheries College, Jimei UniversityEngineering Research Center of the Modern Industry Technology for Eel, Ministry of Education
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| Abstract: |
| The traditional pond aquaculture models have been used mostly so far, which generally have resulted in many problems: high density culture, excessive feed, water quality deterioration and disease occurrence frequently, etc. However, water exchanged or supplemented has been the traditional main method used to solve those problems, which has caused pond contaminated effluence discharge into adjacent water directly, which has resulted in series problems such as pollution diffusion, water environment deterioration, water eutrophication. To reduce pond aquaculture non-point source pollution, and ensure pond aquaculture sustainable development, this presentation introduced main bioremediation methods to restore water ecological environment in pond aquaculture, including: microbial remediation method, such as the application of microbial agents and immobilized microorganism, phytoremediation, animal-remediation, biofilm-remediation and several bioremediation techniques integration. On the base of the application prospect of bioremediation methods in pond aquaculture, biofilm-remediation method would have prosperous extension prospect, for its good and stable effect of water quality improvement, energy saving, effluence reduction, yield and profit increase. |
| Key words: bioremediation biofilm pond aquaculture |
