| 摘要: |
| 本文综述了海山浮游生态学研究的现状。海山是大洋中常见的地形单元, 在有的海山附近鱼类和底栖生物的生物量比周围大洋中要多, 针对这些鱼类和底栖生物的饵料来源提出了三种假说, 第一种假说认为海山区特殊的物理环境导致初级生产力较高(经典假说), 第二种假说认为海山区的饵料不是本地生产的, 地形和流场使得外来的浮游生物在海山区富集或通量加大(外来营养补充假说), 第三种假说认为海山上部的颗粒有机物营养较高, 是鱼类和底栖生物的营养来源之一(颗粒有机物补充假说)。对海山浮游生态学的研究基本围绕这几个假说进行。目前只在9座海山进行了浮游生态学研究, 这些研究表明单个假说并不能解释海山附近鱼类生物量较大的现象, 海山鱼类和底栖生物的营养来源可能有很多, 这些假说阐述的机制并不互相矛盾, 海山生物之间的营养关系也比原来想象的复杂得多。已有研究都是针对其中某个假说进行验证研究, 建议我国即将进行的海山浮游生态学研究针对三种假说进行海上调查, 以提供完备的数据支持。 |
| 关键词: 海山 浮游生态学 经典假说 外来营养补充假说 颗粒有机物补充假说 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20131100171 |
| 分类号:Q958.8 |
| 基金项目:中国科学院战略性先导科技专项, XDA11030202.2 号; 国家自然科学基金, U1406403 号 |
附件 |
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| PLANKTONIC ECOLOGY IN SEAMOUNT AREA OF THE OPEN OCEAN: A REVIEW |
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ZHANG Wuchang,YU Ying,LI Chaolun,LI Xuegang and XIAO Tian
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Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Tianjin Bohai Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
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| Abstract: |
| Authors reviewed the research status of planktonic ecology research in seamount areas. Seamounts are common geographic terrains in the oceans. Stocks of fish and benthos around the seamounts are often larger than those in the neighboring pelagic habitats. Several hypotheses were proposed to explain the food resources of fish and benthos. The first is classic hypothesis, or upwelling one, in which primary production on seamount is thought to be enhanced by upwelling nutrients and then transferred to higher trophic level. The second one believes that the food supply is exotic of the seamount area. This hypothesis states that currents and topography can trap planktons or enhance plankton flux in seamount area. The third one regards particulate organic matter as foreign supplements, as suspended particulate organic matter is rich above seamount and becomes a food source for fish and benthos. Investigations in planktonic ecology were carried out in nine seamounts around the world. At present, no single hypothesis can explain seamount ecology exclusively and universally but the combination of the three thoughts will do. This is because the food source in seamount for fish and benthos is multiple-sourced. Mechanisms of all the three hypotheses may be involved rather than contradicted. The trophic relationship among seamount life is more complicated than previously assumed. The past investigations aimed to test one hypothesis at a time, which is very biased. We recommend to test and consider all the three hypotheses in seamount ecology study in the future. |
| Key words: seamount planktonic ecology hypothesis |
