| 摘要: |
| 数值模拟结果表明: 冬季长江口及其邻近海区温度分布为近岸低, 外海高; 近岸和海底地形变化缓慢区温度呈垂直均匀分布, 海底地形变化显著的陡坡区生成温度锋; 外海深水区的中上层温度低且呈垂直均匀分布, 底层温度高并形成弱的分层。春季, 近岸温度高、外海低; 近岸温度大致呈垂直均匀分布, 外海出现明显分层; 长江口以北温度表层低、底层高; 长江口及其以南表层和底层温度低, 而中层高; 陡坡区至外海生成温度锋, 随着温度锋自陡坡至外海的下移,锋面以上温度逐渐变为垂直均匀分布, 而锋面以下温度却大致呈水平均匀分布。夏季, 海区的温度分布和春季一样, 为近岸高、外海低; 长江口及其以南近岸浅水区温度呈垂直均匀分布; 长江口以北和长江口及其以南的外海温度自表层至底层由高变低且大致呈水平均匀分布, 并在表层至次表层生成强温跃层, 跃层强度随水深增加迅速减弱, 深底层温度几乎呈均匀分布且保持低温特征。秋季, 海区的温度分布与冬季相同, 也为近岸低, 外海高; 在长江口以北, 近岸温度为表层高, 底层低; 外海底层温度低且大致呈水平均匀分布, 而底层以上温度高且大致呈垂直均匀分布; 长江口及其以南, 近岸温度呈垂直均匀分布, 陡坡至外海的表层至底层生成弱的温度锋,随温度锋自陡坡至外海的下移, 锋面以上温度逐渐变为垂直均匀分布, 长江口以南陡坡区的底层温度几乎呈均匀分布。 |
| 关键词: 长江口邻近海区 温度 垂直分布 温跃层 锋面 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20140900260 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目, KZCX2-YW-201 号; “十一五”国家科技支撑计划重点项目, 2006BAC03B04 号; 国家自然科学重点基金项目, 50339040 号。 |
附件 |
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| DYNAMICS OF CIRCULATION AND TEMPERATURE-SALINITY STRUCTURES IN CHANGJIANG RIVER MOUTH AND ITS ADJACENT SEA III. THE TEMPERATURE STRUCTURE |
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LIU Xing-Quan, HOU Yi-Jun, YIN Bao-Shu, YANG De-Zhou
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Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
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| Abstract: |
| We analyzed the outcome of simulation on water temperature in the Changjiang River mouth this study. Water temperature in the Changjiang River mouth and its adjacent sea presented different distribution characteristics in winter, spring, summer, and autumn. In winter, water temperature is low nearshore, high in open sea; vertically uniform nearshore and offshore in the area of gentle slope. The temperature front forms in the areas of steep slope. Water temperature is low in middle and upper layers in open sea and vertically uniform, and high in the bottom layer that slightly stratified. In spring, water temperature is high nearshore and vertically uniform, and low in the open sea that stratified. In the north of the river mouth, water temperature is low in upper layer, and high in bottom layer. To the south of the river mouth, water temperature is low in the surface and bottom layers, high in mid-layer, and the temperature front forms down steep slope to the open sea. As the temperature front surface shifts from steep slope down to the outer sea, water temperature becomes uniform vertically above the front surface, whereas temperature is almost uniform horizontally below the front surface. In summer, water temperature is high in nearshore, low in the open sea. In the shallow areas of the Changjiang River mouth, temperature is uniform in vertical direction. In deep open sea away from the mouth to the north and south, temperature is almost uniform in horizontal direction with generation of stronger thermocline in the surface or subsurface layer. The thermocline intensity weakens rapidly as water deepens. Water temperature is almost uniform and low at deep bottom layer. In autumn, the pattern of water temperature profile is largely the same to the winter's: low nearshore and high off the coast. In the north of the Changjiang mouth nearshore, water temperature is high in surface layer and low in bottom layer, while in the open sea areas, the temperature is in overall uniform in horizontal direction above the bottom layer. The nearshore water temperature is even in vertical direction, while from steep slope to deep sea, water temperature forms a weak front through water column. As the temperature front gradually moves down oceanward, water temperature above the front turns vertically uninform. In the deep-steep areas south of the mouth, water temperature in bottom layer is almost evenly distributed. |
| Key words: Changjiang River mouth and its adjacent area temperature vertical distribution thermocline temperature front |
