| 引用本文: | 王志铮,朱海军,任夙艺,斯烈钢,祝本强.日本囊对虾(Marsupenaeus japonicus)秋繁仔虾形态表型与抗流性能间的相关性.海洋与湖沼,2016,47(2):360-368. |
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| 日本囊对虾(Marsupenaeus japonicus)秋繁仔虾形态表型与抗流性能间的相关性 |
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王志铮1, 朱海军1, 任夙艺1, 斯烈钢1,2, 祝本强1
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1.浙江海洋大学 舟山 316022;2.宁波市海洋与渔业研究院 宁波 315000
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| 摘要: |
| 于水温(18.0±1.0)℃、盐度20、pH 8.1±0.2条件下, 以水流为胁迫因子(时长1min), 以日本囊对虾秋繁同生群仔虾[总长(7.643±0.639)mm]为实验对象, 以溢水口(实验初始时刻仔虾放置处)为起点, 按等距离间距法将自制的水流测定装置(总长1m)依次划分为A(0-25cm)、B(25-50cm)、C(50-75cm)、D(75-100cm)和E(>100cm)等五个区段, 在确认实验终了时刻分布于A区段内仔虾数量占实验仔虾总数5%的水流速度为0.823cm/s后, 以此为实验流速, 借助显微扫描像素测量技术和多元分析方法定量研究了A、B、C、D、E实验群体(依次为实验终止时刻分布于A、B、C、D、E区段内的仔虾)个体间形态比例性状间的差异。结果表明:(1) 在所涉15项形态测量指标中, 各实验群体间均无显著差异(P>0.05)的形态性状共计8项, 依次为X4(眼径)、X5(头胸甲长)、X6(头胸甲高)、X7(第一腹节长)、X8(第二腹节长)、X9(第三腹节长)、X10(第四腹节长)和X14(腹节高);(2) 在所涉17项形态比例指标中, 实验群体间均无显著差异(P>0.05)的形态比例性状共计7项, 依次为C2(额剑长/总长)、C9(第五腹节长/总长)、C10(尾节长/总长)、C11(尾扇长/总长)、C15(头胸甲高/头胸甲长)、C16(腹节高/第一腹节长)和C17(尾节高/尾节长);(3) 经主成分分析, 提取到的5个特征值均大于1的主成分, 累计贡献率达80.795%, 其中第1主成分39.561%, 其载荷绝对值大于0.5的主要影响变量占形态比例性状总数的47.059%;(4) 将A实验群体定义为水流胁迫处理选留群, B、C、D、E实验群体统归为水流胁迫处理淘汰群。采用逐步判别法, 以判别贡献率较大的C1(第一触角柄长/总长)、C3(眼径/总长)、C7(第三腹节长/总长)、C13(额剑长/头胸甲长)为自变量, 所建的Fisher分类函数方程组可较清晰地区分淘汰群和选留群个体, 其中选留群的判别准确率P1、P2分别为98%和84.85%, 淘汰群的判别准确率P1、P2分别为82.25%和97.63%, 两者综合判别准确率为90.12%。综上可知, 借助形态表型分型可实现日本囊对虾仔虾不同抗流性能群体间的筛选。 |
| 关键词: 日本囊对虾 秋繁仔虾 同生群 形态比例性状 水流速度 多元分析 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20160100002 |
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| 基金项目:宁波市科技计划项目, 2016C10007号; 舟山市科技计划项目, 2013C41013号; 宁波市海洋与渔业局科技项目"2015年宁波市本级增殖放流技术指导和效果评价"。 |
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| CORRELATION BETWEEN MORPHOLOGICAL TRAITS AND FLOW VELOCITY OF POST LARVA MARSPENAEUS JAPONICUS |
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WANG Zhi-Zheng1, ZHU Hai-Jun1, REN Su-Yi1, SI Lie-Gang1,2, ZHU Ben-Qiang1
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1.Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China;2.Marine and Fishery Research Institute of Ningbo, Ningbo 315000, China
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| Abstract: |
| We investigated the correlation between morphological traits and flow velocity of individual post larva Marspenaues japonicus in flume text. Three thousands of shrimps were collected from autumn propagation [total length (7.643±0.639)mm] and placed near the overflow outlet of the flume under the conditions of water temperature 18.0℃, salinity 20, and pH 8.1. The total length of flume is 1 m. Shrimps were counted at the end of experiment in five zones (groups) in 25-cm interval: A (0-25cm), B (25-50cm), C (50-75cm), D (75-100cm), and E (>100cm). The flow velocity was set 0.823cm/s that had been determined in a pre-experiment, at which 5% shrimps remained in Zone A at the end of experiment. Fifteen morphological indices were measured optically with stereoscope (Lecia S8APO) on 100 individuals that randomly sampled in each group at the end of experiment lasted for one minutes. Result shows that there were no significant differences in 8 indices among all groups, i.e., X4 (eye diameter), X5 (carapace length), X6 (carapace height), X7 (promerous length), X8 (second abdominal segment length), X9 (third abdominal segment length), X10 (fourth abdominal segment length), and X14 (abdominal segment height). Among the 17 morphological proportion indices, no significant differences were found in 7 indexes among groups, which were C2 (rostrum length/total length), C9 (fifth abdominal segment length/total length), C10 (and telson length/total length), C11 (tailfan length/total length), C15 (Carapace height/Carapace length), C16 (abdominal segment height/promerous length), and C17 (telson height/telson length). However, the Euclidean distance showed extremely significant differences (P<0.01). Moreover, principle component analysis (PCA) indicated that all the five principal components we used contributed accumulatively 80.795% and all their eigenvalues were larger than 1. The contribution of principal component 1 was the largest for 39.561% and the main variables whose absolute loading value was >0.5 accounted for 47.059% of the total proportion indexes. In discriminate analysis, Groups B, C, D, and E were concluded as elimination groups and Group A was concluded as a retention group. The independent variables were used to establish Fisher classification function equations who could clearly distinguish the individual in the elimination group and retention group. The discriminate accuracy rates P1 and P2 for individuals in the retention group were 98% and 84.85%, and those in the elimination group were 82.25% and 97.63%, respectively. The overall discriminate accuracy rate reached 90.12%. |
| Key words: Marspenaeus japonicas autumn propagation post larva morphological proportion traits flow velocity multivariate analysis |
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