引用本文:	范德江,田元,傅亮,罗珂,孙晓霞,毕乃双,姚鹏,刘光兴,陈洪举,杨作升.南海西沙永乐龙洞沉积物组成、来源及其沉积作用.海洋与湖沼,2018,49(6):1203-1210.

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南海西沙永乐龙洞沉积物组成、来源及其沉积作用
范德江¹, 田元¹, 傅亮², 罗珂¹, 孙晓霞¹, 毕乃双¹, 姚鹏³, 刘光兴⁴, 陈洪举⁴, 杨作升¹
1.中国海洋大学海底科学与探测技术教育部重点实验室青岛 266100;2.三沙航迹珊瑚礁保护研究所三沙 573199;3.中国海洋大学海洋化学理论与工程技术教育部重点实验室青岛 266100;4.中国海洋大学海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室青岛 266100

摘要:

南海永乐龙洞发育于永乐珊瑚礁台地，龙洞深度达300m，为世界之最。沉积物堆积在龙洞的洞壁斜坡、龙洞中部的转折平台以及洞底等部位。使用激光粒度仪、X射线粉晶衍射仪、X射线荧光光谱仪等对采自不同深度的沉积物进行了粒级、矿物物相、元素含量的研究。研究结果表明：龙洞沉积物绝大部分为钙质生物碎屑，以砂粒级碎屑为主，含砾石碎屑、粉砂碎屑，分选和磨圆差；沉积物矿物组成以文石、高镁方解石为主，含少量低镁方解石，其平均含量分别为69%、28%、3%；化学组成以Ca、Mg、Sr为主，平均含量分别为35.5%、0.9%、0.5%，含少量Si、Al、Ti、P、S等元素。该区沉积物来源包括礁坪生物碎屑和东亚季风风尘陆源物质两个方面，以礁坪来源的生物碎屑为主；龙洞沉积作用包括机械捕获作用和垂直沉降作用两种方式，而以机械捕获作用为主。

关键词: 永乐龙洞沉积物矿物和元素组成来源沉积作用

DOI：10.11693/hyhz20180200027

分类号:P76

基金项目:三沙航迹珊瑚礁保护研究所航迹南海海洋科研发展项目，HJLD17-01号；中央高校基本科研业务费项目，201762038号。

附件

SEDIMENTS OF THE YONGLE BLUE HOLE IN XISHA ISLANDS, SOUTH CHINA SEA: ORIGINATION, COMPOSITION, AND SEDIMENTATION

FAN De-Jiang¹, TIAN Yuan¹, FU Liang², LUO Ke¹, SUN Xiao-Xia¹, BI Nai-Shuang¹, YAO Peng³, LIU Guang-Xing⁴, CHEN Hong-Ju⁴, YANG Zuo-Sheng¹

1.Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Technique, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266100, China;2.Sansha Trackline Institute of Coral Reef Environment Protection, Sansha 573199, China;3.Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266100, China;4.Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Marine Environment and Ecology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China

Abstract:

The Yongle Blue Hole is located in the Xisha Islands, and it is the deepest one (over 300m) in the world. Sediments are distributed and sampled on the wall, the middle platform, and the bottom of the Blue Hole in different depths. The grain size, and the mineral and geochemical components of the sediments were analyzed by a laser particle analyzer, and X-ray diffraction and fluorescence instruments. The results show that the sediments are composed of mainly biogenic debris. Dominant grain size of the sediments are sand, some occasional breccia, and a few silt and clay. The debris is poorly sorted and rounded. Three minerals, i.e., aragonite, high-magnesia calcite, and low-magnesia calcite were found in the sediments, taking 69.1%, 28.1%, and 2.8%, respectively. Elements Ca, Mg, Sr are major components of the sediments, accounting for 35.5%, 0.9%, and 0.5%, respectively, plus rare Si, Al, Ti, P, and S. The results suggest that sediments of the Blue Hole are mainly originated from adjacent reef flat, and a few are terrigenous that transported by winter East Asia Monsoon. Sedimentation of the sediments in the Blue Hole is mainly by mechanical capture, and few via particle settling.

Key words: the yongle blue hole sediment mineral and geochemical component origin sedimentation