引用本文:	杨小东,江兴龙,乐普敏,龚铭杰.南美洲鳗鲡(Anguilla rostrata)的耗氧率(ROC)、窒息点(AP)和适温范围(RT)及对非离子氨(NIA)、NO₂^-的LC₅₀和SC的研究.海洋与湖沼,2019,50(2):455-464.

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*南美洲鳗鲡(Anguilla rostrata)的耗氧率(ROC)、窒息点(AP)和适温范围(RT)及对非离子氨(NIA)、NO₂^-的LC₅₀和SC的研究*
杨小东^1,2, 江兴龙^1,2, 乐普敏^1,2, 龚铭杰¹
1.集美大学水产学院厦门 361021;2.鳗鲡现代产业技术教育部工程研究中心厦门 361021

摘要:

为研究南美洲鳗鲡（Anguilla rostrata）的耗氧率及其对水温、低溶氧、非离子氨和亚硝酸盐耐受性，本研究采用自制的鱼类呼吸装置测定其耗氧率和窒息点，以黑仔鳗为试验材料，探索其对水温、非离子氨、亚硝酸盐耐受性。结果表明，南美洲鳗鲡耗氧率存在昼夜变化，其昼间耗氧率为（86.46±37.77）mg/（kg h），夜间耗氧率为（123.58±22.56）mg/（kg h），二者存在显著性差异（P<0.05）；在15—30℃范围内，耗氧率随温度升高逐渐增大，耗氧率和水温的回归方程y=–0.1316x²+9.4507x–13.712（R²=0.9993）；南美洲鳗鲡的耗氧率随体质量增大而降低，耗氧量随体质量增加而增大，耗氧量和体重的回归方程为y=0.2321x^0.8334（R²=0.9979）；在水温25℃时其窒息点随鱼体质量的增大而降低，均重10g、40g和160g的鳗鲡窒息点溶解氧浓度分别为（0.98±0.25）、（0.46±0.06）和（0.32±0.02）mg/L； 13—29℃为南美洲鳗鲡的适温范围，25—29℃为其生长适宜水温，在一定范围内的短时低水温或高水温环境对其损伤是可逆的；水中非离子氨对南美洲鳗鲡的LC₅₀和SC分别为12.22mg/L和1.22mg/L，亚硝酸盐氮对南美洲鳗鲡的LC₅₀和SC分别为61.68mg/L和6.17mg/L。

关键词: 南美洲鳗鲡耗氧率窒息点非离子氨亚硝酸盐

DOI：10.11693/hyhz20181200295

分类号:Q174;S965

基金项目:福建省科技厅高校产学合作项目，2016N5009号；福建省科技厅区域发展项目，2016N3002号。

附件

STUDIES ON OXYGEN CONSUMPTION RATE (ROC), ASPHYXIAL POINT (AP) AND OPTIMUM WATER TEMPERATURE RANGE (RT) OF ANGUILLA ROSTRATA AND LC₅₀ AND SC OF NON-IONIC AMMONIA (NIA) AND NITRITE IN WATER

YANG Xiao-Dong^1,2, JIANG Xing-Long^1,2, LE Pu-Min^1,2, GONG Ming-Jie¹

1.Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China;2.Engineering Research Center of the Modern Industry for Eel, Ministry of Education, Xiamen 361021, China

Abstract:

Study on the oxygen consumption rate of Anguilla rostrata and resistance to water temperature, low dissolved oxygen, non-ionic ammonia and nitrite nitrogen. This study used a self-made fish breathing apparatus to measure eel oxygen consumption rate and asphyxiation point. Resistance of eel fingerling to water temperature, non-ionic ammonia and nitrite nitrogen was determined. The results showed that diurnal variation of the oxygen consumption rate of A. rostrata, the oxygen consumption rate during the daytime was (86.46±37.77)mg/(kg h), at night (123.58±22.56)mg/(kg h), and there was significant difference between them (P<0.05). At the range of 15-30℃, the oxygen consumption rate was gradually increased with water temperature up, the relation formation between oxygen consumption rate and water temperature as y=-0.1316x²+9.4507x-13.712, (R²=0.9993). The oxygen consumption rate decreased with body mass up, but the amount of oxygen consumption increased with body mass up. The relationship between oxygen consumption and body weight was y=0.2321x^0.8334 (R²=0.9979). At the water temperature of 25℃, the asphyxial point decreased with fish mass up. Average eel individual weight at 10g, 40g and 160g, the dissolved oxygen concentration at the suffocation point of eel was 0.98±0.25, 0.46±0.06 and 0.32±0.02mg/L, respectively. The optimum water temperature range for A. rostrata was 13-29℃, however 25-29℃ was the optimum water temperature range for good growth, and in a certain range of short time low water temperature or high water temperature environment to its damage was reversible in some. The LC₅₀ and SC of non-ionic ammonia in water for A. rostrata was 12.22mg/L and 1.22mg/L respectively, and the LC₅₀ and SC of nitrite nitrogen was 61.68mg/L and 6.17mg/L respectively.

Key words: Anguilla rostrate from South America oxygen consumption rate asphyxial point non-ionic ammonia nitrite