| 摘要: |
| 海胆的叉棘是海胆御敌、清除体表异物的重要器官，其形状在海胆的分类上具有重要意义。本文通过扫描电子显微镜对西太平洋海山区柔海胆科软海胆属Araeosoma、兜海胆属Sperosoma和革海胆属Hygrosoma的叉棘形态与结构特征进行研究，并提供了柔海胆科属的检索表。结果表明：柔海胆有三种常见的叉棘形式，三叉叉棘、三叶叉棘和指状叉棘。三叉叉棘和三叶叉棘在3个属中均存在，指状叉棘只在软海胆属中存在，三叶叉棘和指状叉棘的超微结构变化比较细微，三叉叉棘的超微结构特征具有明显的种属间差异。建议将叉棘的种类和结构作为柔海胆科的分类依据。 |
| 关键词: 深海 柔海胆 叉棘 形态学 扫描电镜 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20191100207 |
| 分类号:Q959.268 |
| 基金项目:中国科学院战略生物资源计划，KFJ-BRP-017-38号；中国科学院战略性先导A类专项，XDA22050203号。 |
附件 |
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| STUDY ON ULTRASTRUCTURE OF PEDICELLARIAE OF THREE GENERA IN FAMILY ECHINOTHURIIDAE |
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ZHENG Wan-Rui1, XIAO Ning2, AN Jian-Mei1
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1.School of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041000, China;2.Department of Marine Organism Taxonomy and Phylogeny, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
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| Abstract: |
| The pedicellariae of sea urchins can defend the invader and remove foreign matters on the surface. The shape of pedicellariae is one of the key characters for classification. The morphology characteristics of pedicellariae of Araeosoma, Sperosoma and Hygrosoma in the western Pacific Ocean were studied by scanning electron microscope. A key to the genus of the Echinothuriidae was provided. Three common forms of pedicellariae in Echinothuriidae were recognized:tridentate pedicellarias, triphyllous pedicellarias, and dactylous pedicellarias. Tridentate pedicellarias and triphyllous pedicellarias occur in all three genera. In addition, dactylous pedicellarias was found in Araeosoma only. The ultrastructure of triphyllous pedicellarias and dactylous pedicellarias changed slightly. The ultrastructural characteristics of tridentate pedicellarias were obviously different among species and genera. It is suggested that the type and structure of pedicellariae should be taken as the basis for the classification of the Echinothuriidae. |
| Key words: deep sea echinoids pedicellariae morphology SEM |
