| 引用本文: | 孟晓君,宋秀贤,张悦,宋维佳,张培培,申慧慧,俞志明.改性粘土对虾夷扇贝(Mizuhopecten yessoensis)体内麻痹性贝毒的影响.海洋与湖沼,2022,53(3):616-624. |
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| 改性粘土对虾夷扇贝(Mizuhopecten yessoensis)体内麻痹性贝毒的影响 |
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孟晓君1,2,3,4, 宋秀贤1,2,3,4, 张悦1,2, 宋维佳1,2,3,4, 张培培1,2,3,4, 申慧慧1,2,3,4, 俞志明1,2,3,4
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1.中国科学院海洋研究所 海洋生态与环境科学重点实验室 山东青岛 266071;2.青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室 海洋生态与环境科学功能实验室 山东青岛 266237;3.中国科学院大学 北京 100049;4.中国科学院海洋大科学研究中心 山东青岛 266071
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| 摘要: |
| 目前,改性粘土技术已成为国内外普遍认可的有害赤潮治理方法,但在利用该技术治理产毒藻赤潮过程中,对底栖滤食性贝类体内毒素累积和排出的影响尚不清楚。通过室内实验,考察了聚合氯化铝改性粘土(MC I)絮凝典型产毒藻——太平洋亚历山大藻(Alexandrium pacificum)后,虾夷扇贝食用组织和消化腺组织中麻痹性贝毒(paralytic shellfish poisoning,PSP)含量、组分的变化情况。研究结果表明,在前期毒素累积阶段,虾夷扇贝暴露于A. pacificum 3 h后,未添加改性粘土的对照组中虾夷扇贝食用组织毒素水平由空白组的未检出迅速升高至13.24µg STXeq/kg,消化腺组织毒素水平由0.68µg STXeq/kg升高至42.97µg STXeq/kg,第4 d时对照组食用组织、消化腺组织毒素水平达到最高,分别为258.67和3 208.40µg STXeq/kg。添加0.2 g/L MC I的实验组中,3 h后水体中97%的A.pacificum藻细胞被絮凝沉降,此时虾夷扇贝食用组织和消化腺组织毒素水平远低于对照组,分别为6.33和18.39µg STXeq/kg,第2 d时达到98.92和574.54µg STXeq/kg,均显著低于对照组(P<0.05),随后呈下降趋势。在随后的毒素排出阶段,实验组虾夷扇贝食用组织和消化腺组织毒素水平显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。另外,在累积阶段,对照组和实验组虾夷扇贝食用组织和消化腺组织中PSP各组分相对含量差异不大,说明改性粘土未对虾夷扇贝体内的PSP转化造成明显影响。由实验结果可见,改性粘土可有效絮凝去除水体中的A.pacificum藻细胞,减少虾夷扇贝对其的滤食,从而降低了PSP在贝类体内的积累,该研究结果将为改性粘土治理底栖贝类养殖水体有毒赤潮提供科学依据。 |
| 关键词: 改性粘土 太平洋亚历山大藻 虾夷扇贝 麻痹性贝毒 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20211100267 |
| 分类号:X55 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目,41976148号;山东省重大科技创新工程,2019JZZY010808号;2019年度“泰山学者攀登计划”。 |
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| EFFECT OF MODIFIED CLAY ON PARALYTIC SHELLFISH POISONING IN MIZUHOPECTEN YESSOENSIS |
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MENG Xiao-Jun,SONG Xiu-Xian,ZHANG Yue,SONG Wei-Jia,ZHANG Pei-Pei,SHEN Hui-Hui,YU Zhi-Ming
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1.Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China;2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;3.Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
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| Abstract: |
| Modified clay (MC) has been a widely recognized technology for controlling harmful algal blooms (HABs). However, the impact of modified clay on the accumulation and depuration of toxins in benthic filter-feeding shellfish is unclear. Changes in the concentration and composition of paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) in edible tissue and digestive gland of scallop Mizuhopecten yessoensis were investigated after flocculating Alexandrium pacificum with polyaluminium chloride modified clay (MC I) in laboratory experiments. Results show that after exposure to A. pacificum for 3 h, the toxicity level in the edible tissue of the scallop increased rapidly from the undetected level in the blank group to 13.24 µg STXeq/kg in the control group (with no addition of MC I), and the toxicity level in the digestive gland increased from 0.68 to 42.97 µg STXeq/kg. On Day 4, the toxicity level in the edible tissue and digestive gland of the control group reached the highest, which were 258.67 and 3 208.40 µg STXeq/kg, respectively. In the experimental group, 97% of A. pacificum algae cells were flocculated and settled by 0.2 g/L MC I after 3 h. At this time, the toxicity level in the edible tissue and digestive gland of the scallop were much lower than those in the control group, which were 6.33 and 18.39 µg STXeq/kg, respectively. On Day 2, the toxicity level in edible tissue and digestive gland reached 98.92 and 574.54 µg STXeq/kg, which remained significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05), and then showed a downward trend. In the toxin depuration stage, the toxicity level in the edible tissue and digestive gland of the scallop in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). Moreover, difference in the PSP composition in the edible tissue and digestive gland between the control group and the experimental group in the accumulation stage was small, indicating that the modified clay had no significant effects on the PSP transformation in the scallop. Therefore, the modified clay can effectively flocculate and remove A. pacificum algae cells in water, prevent Mizuhopecten yessoensis from ingesting toxic algal cells, and thus reduce the accumulation of PSP in shellfish. This study provided a scientific basis for the application of MC I to control toxic blooms in benthic shellfish culture water. |
| Key words: modified clay Alexandrium pacificum Mizuhopecten yessoensis paralytic shellfish poisoning |
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