| 引用本文: | 陈楠生,丁翔翔,崔宗梅.山东近海赤潮物种多样性研究进展.海洋与湖沼,2023,54(5):1258-1273. |
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| 山东近海赤潮物种多样性研究进展 |
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陈楠生1,2,3, 丁翔翔1,2,3,4, 崔宗梅1,2,3
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1.中国科学院海洋研究所海洋生态与环境科学重点实验室 山东青岛 266071;2.崂山实验室 海洋生态与环境科学功能实验室 山东青岛 266237;3.中国科学院海洋大科学研究中心 山东青岛 266071;4.中国科学院大学 北京 100049
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| 摘要: |
| 山东近海浮游植物多样性很高, 其中包括很多能够引发赤潮的赤潮物种。在气候变化和人类活动的双重影响下, 山东近海赤潮事件的规模越来越大, 赤潮暴发频率也越来越高, 给生态环境及人类健康带来负面影响, 从而引起越来越大的关注。为系统了解山东近海的赤潮物种多样性, 评估潜在的赤潮暴发事件, 对过去84年间(1936~2019年)完成的以山东近海浮游植物为研究对象的生态研究项目进行了全面的文献检索, 并对文献报道的结果进行了整理和分析。这些生态研究项目基本都采用了基于形态特征的方法对浮游植物进行了物种鉴定。对检索到的119个生态研究项目的鉴定结果汇总得到659种浮游植物, 其中包括155种赤潮物种, 以硅藻(78种)和甲藻(67种)为主, 还包括棕鞭藻(5种)、定鞭藻(2种)、隐藻(1种)、未定类的三深碎裂藻(Ebria tripartite)和红色中缢虫(Mesodinium rubrum)。鉴定频率最高的赤潮物种包括中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum)、旋链角毛藻(Chaetoceros curvisetus)、尖刺伪菱形藻(Pseudo-nitzschia pungens)、夜光藻(Noctiluca scintillans)和短角弯角藻(Eucampia zodiacus)。由于这些调查研究采用的基于形态特征的物种鉴定方法, 对细胞尺寸较小、形态特征不显著以及固定过程中不稳定的物种往往做不到准确鉴定, 且形态学鉴定还受到研究者经验的影响, 因此,这些鉴定结果不能全部代表甚至可能严重低估了山东近海的赤潮物种多样性。在该文统计的155个赤潮物种中, 只有118个物种的18S rDNA V4区序列得到解析, 从而可以在宏条形码分析中可以得到鉴定。未来的研究应该将形态学方法与分子学方法结合起来, 并且解析所有赤潮物种的分子标记(包括18S rDNA V4)序列, 从而更好地跟踪山东近海的赤潮物种多样性及其时空动态分布,为赤潮预警预报提供依据。 |
| 关键词: 山东近海 航次调查 生物多样性 浮游植物 赤潮物种 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20230200031 |
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| 基金项目:崂山实验室科技创新项目,LSKJ202203700号;国家自然科学基金项目,42176162号;国家重点研发计划,2022YFC3105200号;中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(B类),XDB42000000号。 |
相关附件： 03--陈楠生附表_new_.pdf |
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| ADVANCES IN THE STUDY OF RED TIDE SPECIES BIODIVERSITY AROUND SHANDONG PANINSULA |
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CHEN Nan-Sheng1,2,3, DING Xiang-Xiang1,2,3,4, CUI Zong-Mei1,2,3
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1.CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;2.Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao 266237, China;3.Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;4.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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| Abstract: |
| The coastal areas around Shandong Peninsula have high phytoplankton diversity including many harmful algae bloom (HAB) causative species. The interplay of climate changes and human activities has driven up both the scale and frequency of red tide outbreaks, posing negative impacts on both marine ecosystems and human health, thus attracting increasingly intense attention. Based on expeditions on phytoplankton carried out during 1936-2019, we conducted a comprehensive literature search of ecological research projects around Shandong Peninsula, and collated and analyzed the results, which facilitates a systematic understanding of the diversity of HAB species and assessing potential red tide events. These ecological research projects have basically adopted morphological methods for species identification. A total list of 669 phytoplankton species were identified from 119 expeditions, of which 155 were annotated as HAB species, including Bacillariophyta (78) and Miozoa (67), as well as Ochrophyta (5), Haptophyta (2), Cryptista (1), Ebria tripartite, and Mesodinium rubrum. The most frequently-identified HAB species included Skeletonema costatum, Chaetoceros curvisetus, Pseudo-nitzschia pungens, Noctiluca scintillans, and Eucampia zodiacus. As those studies mainly conducted species identification based on morphological characteristics, the results may seriously underestimate the diversity of HAB species because species with small cell size, insignificant morphological characteristics, and unstable immobilization process could not be accurately identified. Morphological methods are also influenced by researchers’ experience. In future, studies should combine morphological and molecular methods and analyze molecular markers (include 18S rDNA V4 region) of all HAB species, to better track the species diversity and spatial-temporal dynamics of red tide in the Shandong coastal regions and to provide basis for red tide warning and forecast. |
| Key words: Shandong coastal regions marine survey biodiversity phytoplankton HAB species |
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