| 摘要: |
| 南海暖池作为影响我国东南部地区气候变化的重要因素, 研究其多时间尺度变化特征及动力机制对于更加准确预报我国天气变化具有重要意义。结合海表面温度卫星观测资料和海表面再分析数据, 识别和研究了南海民都洛岛西南暖池的季节变化特征, 并利用数值模式探讨了其强迫机制。暖池位于民都洛岛西南方向约100 km范围内, 中心位置在120.5°E, 12.5°N。暖池整个季节变化过程可分为发展期(10~11月)、成熟期(12~2月)、衰退期(3~5月)、消失期(6~9月)4个阶段: 11月份暖池与南北两侧冷水温差达到0.5 °C, 暖池结构初步形成; 2月份温差达到1.1 °C (南侧)和0.7°C (北侧), 暖池最强; 3月份暖池开始衰退, 到6月份完全消失。进一步研究表明, 该暖池的形成与地形引起的民都洛岛附近海域潜热通量的空间差异有关: 冬季盛行的东北季风被民都洛岛上的高海拔山脉阻挡, 在民都洛岛西南背风侧形成低风速区, 而在南北两侧形成风激流(风速极大值区)。风速的空间差异引起了海表面潜热通量的差异, 导致民都洛岛背风侧的潜热通量较周围海域要小, 海表面温度较周围海域要高, 从而导致了暖池的形成。 |
| 关键词: 南海 民都洛岛 暖池 季节变化 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20230200037 |
| 分类号:P731.11 |
| 基金项目:三亚崖州湾科技城管理局2022年度科技计划项目,SKJC-2022-01-001号;三亚崖州湾科技城科技专项资助,SCKJ-JYRC-2022-47号;海南省自然科学基金,121MS062号;舟山科学计划项目,2022C81010号;浙江省重点研发计划,2020C03012号;浙江省科技创新领军人才项目,2019R52045号。 |
附件 |
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| SEASONAL VARIATION OF THE WARM POOL TO THE SOUTHWEST OF THE MINDORO ISLAND IN THE SOUTH CHINA SEA |
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ZHOU Yi-Ming1, SUN Rui-Li2, LI Pei-Liang1,2, ZHAI Fang-Guo3, LIU Cong2
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1.Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316021, China;2.Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Sanya 572025, China;3.College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
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| Abstract: |
| The South China Sea warm pool is an important factor affecting climate in southeastern China. Study of its multi-time scale variation characteristics and the dynamic mechanisms is important for accurate forecast of weather changes in China. Based on the sea surface temperature satellite observation and sea surface reanalysis datasets, the seasonal variation characteristics of the warm pool to the southwest of Mindoro Island in the South China Sea were identified and analyzed, and its forcing mechanism was discussed by using numerical model. The warm pool is located about 100 km off coast to the southwest of Mindoro Island and centered near 120.5°E, 12.5°N. The whole seasonal variation can be divided into four stages: development period (October~November), maturity period (December~February), decline period (March~May), and disappearance period (June~September). The warm pool begins to form in November, the temperature difference between the warm pool and the cold water on the north and south sides reaches 0.5 °C, strongest in February when the temperature difference reaches 1.1 °C (south side) and 0.7 °C (north side). The relative warm pool structure begins to decay in March and disappears completely by June. Further studies have shown that the formation of this warm pool is related to the spatial distribution differences of latent heat flux around Mindoro Island: the prevailing northeast monsoon in winter is blocked by the mountains of Mindoro Island, forming a low wind speed zone on the leeward side of Mindoro Island, and a wind torrent (maximum wind speed zone) on the north and south sides of Mindoro Island. The spatial distribution difference of wind speed leads to the spatial distribution difference of latent heat flux above the sea surface, resulting in a smaller latent heat flux on the leeward side of Mindoro Island relative to the surroundings, thus forming a relatively warm pool. |
| Key words: the South China Sea Mindoro Island warm pool seasonal variation |
