| 引用本文: | 张子牛,王珍岩,李桂花,赵美涵.基于层次分析法的人工鱼礁选址适宜性评价方法.海洋与湖沼,2023,54(5):1308-1321. |
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| 基于层次分析法的人工鱼礁选址适宜性评价方法 |
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张子牛1,2, 王珍岩1,2,3,4, 李桂花1, 赵美涵2,4
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1.山东科技大学 地球科学与工程学院 山东青岛 266590;2.中国科学院海洋研究所 海洋地质与环境重点实验室 山东青岛 266071;3.青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室 海洋矿产资源评价与探测技术功能实验室 山东青岛 266237;4.中国科学院大学 北京 100049
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| 摘要: |
| 人工鱼礁作为渔业资源增殖的有效手段, 在海洋牧场建设中发挥重要作用。人工鱼礁区的科学选址是海洋牧场建设需首先解决的技术问题。目前关于人工鱼礁选址还没有通用的定量评价方法。基于层次分析法理论建立层次结构模型, 设定社会、物理、工程、化学和生物环境等5个主要准则因素, 设定海洋功能区划、水深、水流、底质类型、底质荷载、淤泥层厚度、海底坡度、水质、沉积物质量、赤潮、浮游植物、浮游动物、底栖生物等13个次级准则因素并作为评价指标, 其中将水质和沉积物质量设定为多参数指标。依据相关国家标准和行业规范, 采用多种归一化处理方法建立所有指标的定量评价标准。结合对人工鱼礁建设实际情况的分析, 确定主要准则因素权重。考虑人工鱼礁渔业资源增殖效应, 增加对两类特殊情况的评价判定过程。其中两类特殊情况分别为单一指标参数值超限情况和多参数指标中多个参数值接近超限的情况。使用Python编程语言创建软件系统实现评价结果的高效计算并输出对应适宜性等级。根据日照市海洋牧场示范区中适宜人工鱼礁建设海域调查数据模拟8个针对性的海区案例对方法进行验证, 案例分析表明, 该方法具有较好实用性, 能有效分析并获取目标海区建礁适宜性评价结果, 可为开展人工鱼礁选址提供参考依据。 |
| 关键词: 海洋牧场 人工鱼礁 选址 层次分析法 评价 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20230200026 |
| 分类号:S953.1 |
| 基金项目:中国科学院战略性先导科技专项,XDB42010203号;国家自然科学基金面上项目,42176090号。 |
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| EVALUATION METHOD FOR SITE SELECTION SUITABILITY OF ARTIFICIAL REEF AREAS BASED ON ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS |
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ZHANG Zi-Niu1,2, WANG Zhen-Yan1,2,3,4, LI Gui-Hua1, ZHAO Mei-Han2,4
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1.School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China;2.Key Laboratory of Marine Geology and Environment, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;3.Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266037, China;4.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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| Abstract: |
| As an effective means to increase fishery resources, artificial reefs play an important role in the construction of marine ranching, to which the scientific site selection is the first technical issue to be solved. At present, there is no universal quantitative evaluation method for the site selection of artificial reefs. We built a hierarchical structure model based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), in which indices of social, physical, engineering, chemical, and biological environment are set as main guideline factors; and those of marine functional zonation, water depth, current, substrate type, substrate carrying capacity, silt layer thickness, seafloor slope, water quality, sediment quality, red tide, phytoplankton, zooplankton, and benthic organism are set as sub-guideline factors. The sub-guideline factors were set as evaluation criteria. Water quality and sediment quality were set as multi-parameter criteria. Based on the relevant national and industry technical standards, several normalization methods were used to establish fully-quantitative evaluation standards for evaluation criteria. Combined with the actual analysis of the factors that are considered in the construction of artificial reefs, the weights of the main guideline factors can be quantified. Considering the effect of artificial reefs fishery resource enhancement, the evaluation and determination steps for two types of special cases were set in the evaluation process. The two special cases are: 1) the value of a single environmental parameter exceeds the limit; and 2) the values of several parameters in the multi-parameter criteria is about to exceed the limit. The Python programming language was used to create an evaluation system to efficiently calculate the evaluation values and assign them to a suitability level correspondingly. According to the actual survey data in the marine ranch demonstration zone in Rizhao, Shandong, eight specific cases were set to verify the method. Case analysis shows that the evaluation method proposed in this study had good practicability, which can effectively analyze and obtain the evaluation results of reef construction suitability in the target sea area. Meanwhile, it also can provide a reference for site selection of artificial reef. |
| Key words: marine ranching artificial reefs site selection analytic hierarchy process evaluation |
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