| 摘要: |
| 南海北部海域夏季台风活动频繁, 对海上生产活动和人民生命财产安全造成极大威胁, 由于台风路径的不确定性, 其中心附近区域的风浪观测资料十分稀少。中国气象局(China Meteorological Administration, CMA)热带气旋最佳路径数据显示2017年10月强台风“卡努”中心经过南海北部陆坡的SF301浮标, 该浮标完整记录了台风过境的风浪数据。利用浮标观测资料, 分析了强台风“卡努”过境期间的风和海浪特征。观测结果表明, “卡努”经过浮标时, 中心气压为959.9 hPa, 风速随时间呈双峰分布, 前、后眼壁区的10 min平均风速分别为30.2 m/s和24.9 m/s, 1 s极大风速分别为44.2和38.6 m/s。海浪以风浪为主, 观测有效波高和最大波高最大值分别为10.8和14.3 m, 滞后最大风速30 min, 波向和风向变化趋势一致。台风过境期间, 有效波高与海面10 m风速接近线性关系, 非台风期间二者呈二次多项式关系。海浪无因次波高和周期呈幂指数关系, 无论是台风期间还是非台风期间二者关系十分接近Toba提出的3/2指数律。 |
| 关键词: 南海 浮标 台风 卡努 风 海浪 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20230300061 |
| 分类号:P731 |
| 基金项目:广东省平台基地及科技基础条件建设项目,2021B1212050025号;中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项,PMzx703-202104-074号;自然资源部南海局科技发展基金,202205号 |
附件 |
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| THE WIND AND WAVE CHARACTERISTICS DURING SEVERE TYPHOON KHANUN |
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DENG Dan1,2, ZHOU Quan3, MA Lei1,2, LI Rui-Xiang1,2
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1.South China Sea Marine Survey Center, Ministry of Natural Resources, Guangzhou 510300, China;2.Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Survey Technology and Application, Ministry of Natural Resources, Guangzhou 510300, China;3.South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510530, China
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| Abstract: |
| Frequent typhoons in summer in the northern South China Sea pose a great threat to production activities at sea and lives and properties. Due to the uncertainty of the typhoon's track, wind, and wave observation data in the vicinity of typhoon center are very scarce. The best track data of typhoon from CMA showed that the severe typhoon Khanun passed over the SF301 buoy in the northern South China Sea in October 10. Based on the buoy data, the characteristics of wind and waves during the typhoon were analyzed. The observed results showed that the central pressure was 959.9 hPa when typhoon passing over the buoy. The time series of wind speed exhibited a bimodal distribution. The 10-min mean wind speed in the front and rear eye-wall were 30.2 and 24.9 m/s, respectively, and the one-second extreme wind speed were 44.2 and 38.6 m/s, respectively. The waves during Khanun were dominated by wind seas, which were mainly generated by local wind. The observed maximum value of significant wave height and maximum wave height was 10.8 and 14.3 m, respectively, which lagged the maximum wind speed for 30 min. The significant wave height had a nearly linear relationship with the sea surface wind speed during typhoon Khanun passage, but a quadratic polynomial relationship during non-typhoon period. The dimensionless wave height and period were related according to the power-law function, which follows the 3/2 power law proposed by Toba for both typhoon and non-typhoon period. |
| Key words: the South China Sea buoy typhoon Khanun wind wave |
