| 摘要: |
| 本文以海南省三亚市蜈支洲岛典型珊瑚礁区为研究区域，于2018年8月、11月、2019年1月和4月采用样带法调查浅水区和深水区棘皮动物群落多样性，研究不同季节和深度对棘皮动物群落结构特征的影响，并依此指示珊瑚礁生态系统健康状况和受干扰程度。结果显示，共发现15种棘皮动物；其中优势种有8种，分别为黑海参Holothuria atra、红腹海参Holothuria edulis、黄疣海参Holothuria hilla、绿刺参Stichopus chloronotus、刺冠海胆Diadema setosum、许氏大羽花Comanthina schlegeli、秉氏海齿花Comanthus bennetti和吕宋棘海星Echiaster luzohicus。春季棘皮动物种类最多，棘皮动物栖息密度呈现出春夏高，秋冬低的规律。不同水深区域棘皮动物种类组成大致相同，深水区棘皮动物栖息密度高于浅水区，但差异不显著。全年棘皮动物种丰富度指数、多样性指数和均匀度指数分别为1.2±0.10、2.5±0.12和0.66±0.040。对比研究表明，蜈支洲岛海域棘皮动物种类远多于三亚其它海域，但稍低于南海岛礁（如渚碧礁）海域。根据Shannon-Wiener指数分级评价标准，蜈支洲岛海域棘皮动物平均多样性指数为2.5，介于2与3之间，属于轻度的人为干扰。综上所述，蜈支洲岛海域珊瑚礁生态系统保护效果明显。 |
| 关键词: 棘皮动物 群落特征 多样性 珊瑚岛礁 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金，31760757号，41766005号; 海南大学科研启动基金资助项目, KYQD(ZR)1703号 |
附件 |
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| Study on the community structure of echinoderms in the composite area of sand and coral reef in Wuzhizhou Island ,Sanya ,China |
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huangduanjie, xuqiang, xueyinglou, wupeilin, gaofei
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Hainan University
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| Abstract: |
| The diversity of echinoderm community in shallow water and deep water in the typical coral reef zone of Wuzhizhou Island, Sanya, China, were investigated by using the diving line transect sampling method in August 2018 (summer), November 2018 (autumn), January 2019 (winter) and April 2019 (spring) to study the effects of different seasons and depths on the structural characteristics of echinoderm community, and to indicate the health status and the anthropogenic impacts of the coral reef ecosystem. The results showed that: 15 species of echinoderms were indentified, of which following 8 species were dominant: Holothuria atra, Holothuria edulis, Stichopus chloronotus, Diadema setosum, Comanthina schlegeli, Comanthus bennetti, and Echiaster luzohicus. The species of echinoderms were the most abundant in spring. The density of echinoderms was high in spring and summer, but low in autumn and winter. The species composition of echinoderms in different water depths was roughly the same, the density of echinoderms in deep water was higher than that in shallow water, but the difference was not significant. Species richness index, diversity index and evenness index were 1.2±0.10, 2.5±0.12 and 0.66±0.040 respectively. Compared with the sea area near Sanya, the species of echinoderms in Wuzhizhou Island was much higher than that in the latter. Compared with Zhubi Reef, the species of echinoderms was relatively low. According to the Shannon-Wiener index grading evaluation criteria, the average diversity index of Wuzhizhou Island was 2.5, between 2 and 3, indicated slight human disturbance. In summary, the coral reef ecosystem protection effect in Wuzhizhou Island was obvious. |
| Key words: echinoderms community characteristics diversity coral reefs |