| 摘要: |
| 人工鱼礁作为渔业资源增殖和改善海洋环境的有效手段，在海洋牧场建设中发挥重要作用，而科学选址是海洋牧场建设需首先解决的技术问题。目前关于人工鱼礁选址还没有通用的定量评价方法。基于层次分析法理论建立层次结构模型，设定社会、物理、工程、化学和生物环境等5个主要准则因素，设定海洋功能区划、水深、水流、底质类型、底质荷载、淤泥层厚度、海底坡度、水质、沉积物质量、赤潮、浮游植物、浮游动物、底栖生物等13个次级准则因素为评价指标，其中将水质和沉积物质量设定为多参数指标。依据相关的国家和行业标准，采用多种归一化处理方法建立指标的全量化评价标准。结合对人工鱼礁建设需考虑因素的实际分析，量化主要准则因素权重。考虑人工鱼礁渔业资源增殖效应，在评价流程中设置两类特殊情况的评价判定步骤。其中两类特殊情况分别为单一指标参数值超限情况和多参数指标中多个参数值接近超限的情况。使用Python编程语言编制软件系统实现评价结果的高效计算并输出对应适宜性等级。根据日照市海洋牧场示范区适宜人工鱼礁建设海域调查数据设定8个针对性的海区案例对方法进行验证，案例分析表明，该方法具有较好实用性，能有效分析并获取目标海区的建礁适宜性评价结果，可为开展人工鱼礁选址提供参考依据。 |
| 关键词: 海洋牧场 人工鱼礁 选址 层次分析法 评价 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20230200026 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:中国科学院战略性先导科技专项，XDB42010203号；国家自然科学基金面上项目, 42176090号 |
附件 |
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| THE SITE SELECTION SUITABILITY EVALUATION METHOD OF ARTIFICIAL REEF AREAS BASED ON ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS |
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Zhang Ziniu,WANG Zhen-Yan,LI Gui-Hua,ZHAO Mei-Han
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1.School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao;2.Key Laboratory of Marine Geology and Environment,Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao;3.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing
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| Abstract: |
| As an effective means to increase fishery resources and improve the marine environment, artificial reefs play an important role in the construction of marine ranching, and scientific site selection is the first technical problem to be solved in the construction of marine ranching. At present, there is no universal quantitative evaluation method for the site selection of artificial reefs. This study builds a hierarchical structure model based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), which sets social, physical, engineering, chemical and biological environment as main guideline factors and sets marine functional zonation, water depth, current, substrate type, substrate carrying capacity, silt layer thickness, seafloor slope, water quality, sediment quality, red tide, phytoplankton, zooplankton and benthic organism as sub-guideline factors. The sub-guideline factors are set as evaluation criterion. Water quality and sediment quality are set as multi-parameter criteria. Based on the relevant national and industry technical standards, several normalization methods are used to establish fully quantitative evaluation standards for evaluation criteria. Combined with the actual analysis of the factors which are considered in the construction of artificial reefs, quantify the weights of the main guideline factors. Considering the effect of artificial reefs fishery resource enhancement, the evaluation and determination steps for the two types of special cases are set in the evaluation process. The two special cases are the value of a single environmental parameter exceeding the limit and the values of several parameters in the multi-parameter criteria are close to exceeding the limit, respectively. The Python programming language is used to create an evaluation system to efficiently calculate the evaluation values and give the evaluation results corresponding to the suitability level. According to the actual survey data of the marine area suitable for artificial reef construction in the Marine Ranch Demonstration zone of Rizhao City, Shandong Province, eight specific cases were set to verify the method. Case analysis shows that the evaluation method in this study has good practicability, which can effectively analyze and obtain the evaluation results of reef construction suitability in the target sea area. Meanwhile, it also can provide a reference for the development of artificial reef site selection. |
| Key words: marine ranching artificial reefs site selection analytic hierarchy process evaluation |