| 摘要: |
| “长荡湖1号”A系和B系是分别以成活率和大规格为主要选育指标建立的两个相互独立的中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)选育品系,为评估“长荡湖1号”偶数年群体选育第二代(G2)的选育效果,本实验以未选育群体作为对照组,比较了两选育品系和对照组在实际池塘养殖条件下的生长、性腺发育和养殖性能。结果显示：(1) 两选育品系A系和B系在扣蟹、成蟹养殖阶段的平均体质量均高于对照组,其中B系雌体与对照组具有显著差异(P<0.05)；无论雌体还是雄体,B系平均体质量均略高于A系,但无显著差异(P>0.05)；(2) 各组实验蟹雌雄个体在成蟹阶段的生殖蜕壳高峰期分别为8月10日—30日和8月30日—9月20日,各组成蟹完成生殖蜕壳后性腺迅速发育,并且性腺发育后期,对照组GSI最高、B系的GSI最低；(3) 就成活率而言,三组蟹在扣蟹和成蟹阶段的成活率大小顺序为：A系>对照组>B系,差异不显著(P>0.05)；而在产量、大规格蟹比例和饲料系数方面,两选育品系均优于对照组。综上,经过两代配套系选育,“长荡湖1号”A系和B系均获得良好的选育进展,其中A系具有高成活率和高产量的特点,B系具有平均体质量大、大规格成蟹比例高和饲料系数低等优势。 |
| 关键词: 中华绒螯蟹 配套系选育 池塘养殖 养殖性能 遗传进展 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20230200032 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:科技部国家重点研发计划项目, 2022YFD2400702号; 江苏省农业农村厅种业振兴揭榜挂帅项目, JBGS[2021]127号; 江苏常州市金坛区农业农村局科技项目, JTNL2019001号。 |
附件 |
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| EVALUATION ON THE GROWTH, GONADAL DEVELOPMENT AND CULTURE PERFORMANCE FOR |
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ZHANG Guang-Bao1, JIANG Xiao-Dong1, ZHUANG Zhen-Jun1, CHEN Wen-Bin2, LUO Ming2, CHENG Yong-Xu1, CHEN Xiao-Wu1, Wu Xugan3
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1.Key Laboratory of Freshwater Germplasm Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;2.Changzhou Jintan District Fisheries Technical Extension Station, Changzhou 213200, China;3.Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
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| Abstract: |
| The "Changdang Lake 1" strain A and B of Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) were selected based on the economic index of survival and growth performance, respectively. This study evaluated the growth, gonadal development and culture performance of the second-generation (G2) of the "Changdang Lake 1" by comparing to the control group without selection. The results showed that: (1) The average body weight of two selected strains were higher than that of the control group during the juvenile and adult culture stage, and the final body weight of females in Strain B was significantly higher than the control (P<0.05). In addition, the average body weight of crabs in Strain B was always higher than Strain A during the culture experiments without no significant difference (P>0.05). (2) The puberty molting of female and male in all groups focus on Aug. 10-30 and Aug. 30 - Sep. 20, respectively. The crabs initiated gonadal development after the onset of completing puberty molting, and the highest value and the lowest value of GSI was obtained in the control group and Strain B group at the late period of gonad development. (3) The survival of crabs in Strain A was 6.77% and 7.76% higher than the control group during the juvenile and adult culture stage respectively, but the survival of crabs in Strain B was slightly lower than the control. The final yield and the percentage of large-sized individuals in two selected strains were higher than those in the control group, and the feed conversion rate (FCR) were relatively lower in two selected strains. In conclusion, crabs in Changdang Lake 1" strain A and strain B obtained effective economic promotion after two generations of selection, and Strain A crabs showed higher survival rate and yield, while Strain B crabs showed higher percentage of large-sized individuals, large adult size and lower FCR. |
| Key words: Eriocheir sinensis complete set line breeding pond culture culture performance genetic progress |