| 摘要: |
| 卫星记录以来,南极海冰范围异常发生五次快速下降事件,研究几次事件的特征,对进一步认识海冰快速下降事件背后的潜在机制具有重要意义。本文根据海冰范围和海冰密集度的卫星数据,从时间和空间两个维度来总结几次南极海冰快速下降事件的特点,再结合大气和海洋各项环境因素的再分析数据,探讨海冰快速下降的影响因素及其驱动海冰减少的过程。结果显示：南极海冰快速下降的空间分布存在季节差异,2021年8-12月和2016年8-12月的春季海冰快速下降是由于阿蒙森-别林斯高晋海、威德尔海、印度洋和西太平洋区域的海冰减少；2010年12月至2011年4月和1985年12月至1986年4月的夏季海冰快速下降是由于威德尔海、罗斯海沿岸和西太平洋的部分区域的海冰减少；2008年4月至8月的冬季海冰快速下降则由于阿蒙森-别林斯高晋海和西太平洋的部分区域的海冰减少。海表面温度和大气净热辐射通过直接的热力效应导致一些区域的海冰减少,对海冰变化的影响具有区域差异性。此外,海冰快速下降受阿蒙森低压的影响,海平面气压和气旋风异常既通过海气热力作用使海冰减少,也通过异常风驱动海冰漂移的动力效应使海冰密集度降低。 |
| 关键词: 南极海冰 海冰下降 大气风 海表面温度 净热辐射 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20230300056 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:中德科学中心合作交流基金 |
附件 |
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| Temporal and spatial characteristics of historical events of rapid decline of Antarctic sea ice |
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Yang Yingyue, Liu Hailong
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School of Oceanography,Shanghai Jiao Tong University
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| Abstract: |
| According to the satellite records, there have been five Antarctic sea ice extent rapid decline events. It is of great significance to study the characteristics of several events to further understand the potential mechanism of the sea ice rapid declines. Based on satellite data of sea ice extent and sea ice concentration, this paper summarizes the characteristics of sea ice rapid declines from dimensions of time and space. In addition, combined with the reanalysis data of atmospheric and oceanic factors, the factors influencing the thermal and dynamic processes driving the rapid decline of sea ice are discussed. The results showed that there are seasonal differences in the spatial distribution of rapid decline events of Antarctic sea ice. The rapid declines of spring sea ice in August-December 2021 and August-December 2016 are due to the decrease of sea ice in the Amundsen-Bellingshausen Sea, Weddell Sea, Indian Ocean and Western Pacific; the rapid declines in summer sea ice from December 2010 to April 2011 and from December 1985 to April 1986 are due to the loss of sea ice in parts of the Weddell Sea and Ross Sea coasts and the Western Pacific; the rapid decline in winter sea ice from April to August 2008 is due to reduced sea ice in the parts of Amundsen-Bellingshausen Sea and the Western Pacific Ocean. Sea surface temperature and net radiation heat flux lead to the decrease of sea ice in some regions through direct thermodynamic effect, and the influences on sea ice are different in different regions. In addition, sea level pressure and cyclone anomalies not only affect the reduction of sea ice through the thermal interaction between atmosphere and sea ice, but also reduce sea ice concentration through the sea ice drift driven by the dynamic effect of wind anomalies. |
| Key words: Antarctic sea ice Sea ice decline Atmospheric wind Sea surface temperature Net heat flux |