| 摘要: |
| 厌氧氨氧化菌(anaerobic ammonium oxidation, Anammox)是驱动厌氧氨氧化过程、去除海洋沉积物中氮元素的重要引擎。为分析无机氮和重金属对厌氧氨氧化菌的影响，该研究以渤海沉积物中厌氧氨氧化菌为研究对象，采用Illumina高通量测序技术和实时荧光定量PCR技术对渤海13个采样点表层沉积物中厌氧氨氧化菌16S rDNA基因进行检测，分析其群落结构以及重金属含量对群落结构和多样性的影响。结果表明，渤海沉积物中厌氧氨氧化菌类群可归为14门、8纲、9目、5科、8属、26种，其中浮霉菌门(Planctomycetes)在渤海沉积物样品中占主导地位，且在中部区域丰度最高；相对丰度最高的属为Candidatus_Scalindua。沉积物中重金属Hg在南部区域浓度最高。随机森林分析结果显示，NH4+、Hg和Cr是南部区域厌氧氨氧化菌群落结构的主要影响因子；Pb是北部区域厌氧氨氧化菌群落结构的主要驱动因子；NO2-和深度是中部区域厌氧氨氧化菌群落的主要驱动因子。AMX16S rDNA 丰度与重金属Cr和Cu、TN以及沉积物粒度显著正相关(p<0.05)。研究结果表明，渤海具有丰富的微生物资源和厌氧氨氧化菌，具有代谢多种污染物的潜力。研究结果为认识近海污染对微生物的地理分布格局、群落生态位分化提供了依据。 |
| 关键词: 渤海沉积物 厌氧氨氧化菌 环境因子 重金属污染 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20240300048 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划(2020YFA0607600);大连市高层次人才创新支持计划(2021RD04);中国辽宁省民生科技项目(2021JH2/10300001) |
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| Effects of inorganic nitrogen and heavy metals on anaerobic ammoxidation bacteria in sediments from different regions of Bohai Sea |
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wang wen jing1, ming hong xia2, chen quan rui3, meng de long2, su jie2, shi ting ting2, fan jing feng2
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1.Dalian Ocean University;2.National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Coastal Ecosystem;3.xiamen university Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Carbon Sequestration, Carbon Neutral Innovation Research Center
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| Abstract: |
| Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) is an essential process for removing nitrogen from marine sediments. However, the effects of inorganic nitrogen and heavy metals on anaerobic ammonium oxidation remain unclear. This study focused on anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria in the sediments of the Bohai Sea. Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR technology were employed to detect the 16S rDNA gene of anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria in surface sediments from 13 sampling sites in the Bohai Sea. This analysis aimed to assess their community structure and the impact of heavy metal content on diversity. The findings revealed that anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria in the sediments of the Bohai Sea belonged to 14 phyla, 8 classes, 9 orders, 5 families, 8 genera, and 26 species. Planctomycetes were the predominant species in the Bohai Sea sediments, particularly abundant in the central region. The genus Candidatus Scalindua exhibited the highest relative abundance. Heavy metal Hg concentration in sediments was highest in the southern region. Random forest analysis indicated that NH4?, Hg, and Cr primarily influenced the community structure of anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria in southern China, while Pb was the dominant factor in northern China. Additionally, NO2? and depth were significant drivers of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation community in the central region. AMX16S rDNA abundance positively correlated with Cr, Cu, TN, and sediment grain size (p<0.05). The results demonstrate abundant microbial resources and anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria in the Bohai Sea, which possess the potential to metabolize various pollutants. These findings lay the groundwork for comprehending the geographical distribution patterns and community niche differentiation of microorganisms influenced by offshore pollution. |
| Key words: Bohai Sea sediment Anaerobic ammoxidation bacteria Environmental factors Heavy metal pollution |