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| 大黄鱼(Larimichthys crocea)幼鱼同生群内不同顶流性能子群间生物学表型对体质量的影响效果差异* |
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邓意俐1, 黄呈炜2, 刘哲宇1, 郑嘉豪1, 蒋宏雷3,4, 王志铮①1
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1.浙江海洋大学水产学院 浙江舟山;2.宁波市海洋与渔业研究院 浙江宁波;3.浙江海洋大学水产学院;4.宁波市海洋与渔业研究院
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| 摘要: |
| 逆水顶流是与鱼类生存直接相关的先天行为,基于个体间逆水顶流能力的差异,通过设定逆水顶流性能等级,比较分析养殖大黄鱼同生群内不同顶流性能子群间基于生物学特征的增重机制与对策差异,以助适应不同流速生境下的大黄鱼速生型种质发掘和品种(系)选育具重要现实意义。以西沪港海域养殖180d大黄鱼同生群幼鱼为实验对象,于自制顶流装置的集鱼区内随机移入体质量相近的2500尾实验鱼后,在水平流速0.37m/s胁迫下按持续顶流能力将其分为强、中、弱3个不同顶流等级子群(依次记为SG、MG和WG,出现率分别为最强的5%、居中的50%和最弱的5%)。随机选取SG、MG和WG子群各30尾作为生物学测定对象,以X1(体长)、X2(体高)、X3(肛部体高)、X4 (肛部体宽)、X5(眼后头长)、X6 (眼径)、X7(眼间距)、X8(躯干长)、BW(体质量)、W1(内脏质量)、W2(鳃质量)和W3(心质量)为测定指标,定量研究了三者生物学测定性状对体质量影响效果的差异。结果表明：(1)三者在生物学表型和脏器比例性状上均具一定差异,诸性状中随顶流性能下降呈单调下降的仅为X7和W1/BW (P<0.05)；(2)聚类分析表明,所涉称量性状、体尺性状和生物学测定性状首先聚为一支的子群均为MG和WG,而脏器质量比例性状首先聚为一支的则为SG和MG；(3)经相关分析,各子群两类性状与其体质量均达显著相关水平(P<0.05),但在排序上随子群顶流性能的显著改变已出现了一定程度的异化；(4)影响各子群体质量的关键组合分别为W1-W2、W1-W2和W1-W2-W3,关键体尺性状组合分别为X1-X2-X6、X1-X4-X6-X8和X3-X5-X7,其中决定体质量的核心称量性状分别为W2、W1和W2,核心体尺性状分别为X1、X1和X3；(5)经偏回归分析与和方差分析,所建基于体尺性状的多元线性回归方程组适用于各子群BW的无损精准估算。研究结果可为大黄鱼逆境生态学研究和不同抗流性能速生型种质发掘与新品种(系)选择育种提供基础资料。 |
| 关键词: 顶流性能 体质量 体尺性状 称量性状 脏器比例性状 同生群 大黄鱼幼鱼 |
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| 基金项目:国家公益海洋专项, 20140502号; 宁波市重大科技任务攻关项目, 2022Z183号; 宁波市本级增殖放流技术指导和效果评价, 2015-2024; 象山港海洋牧场示范区五期建设项目环境监测及功效调查评估, 2017-2018。 |
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| DIFFERENCES IN THE IMPACT OF BIOLOGICAL PHENOTYPES ON BODY MASS AMONG SUBGROUPS WITH DIFFERENT UPSTREAM SWIMMING PERFORMANCE WITHIN COHABITING JUVENILE LARGE YELLOW CROAKER |
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DENG Yi-Li,HUANG Cheng-Wei,LIU Zhe-Yu,ZHENG Jia-Hao,JIANG Hong-Lei,WANG Zhi-Zheng1
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1.College of Fisheries, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China;2.Ningbo Institute of Marine and Fisheries, Ningbo 315103, China
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| Abstract: |
| Upstream swimming is an innate behavior directly related to fish survival. Based on differences in individual upstream swimming performance, we categorized large yellow croaker juveniles into subgroups and analyzed the differences in their weight gain mechanisms and strategies based on biological characteristics. This has significant implications for the discovery and breeding of fast-growing germplasm and varieties adapted to different current speeds. This study focused on juvenile large yellow croakers cultured in plate cages for six months in the Xi Hu Port sea area of Xiangshan. After randomly introducing 2500 experimental fish with similar body mass into a custom-made anti-current device, the fish were divided into three subgroups (strong, medium, weak; SG, MG, WG) based on their sustained upstream swimming performance under a horizontal current stress of 0.37 m/s, representing the top 5%, middle 50%, and bottom 5%, respectively. Thirty fish from each subgroup were randomly selected for biological measurements including X1 (body length), X2 (body height), X3 (anal body height), X4 (anal body width), X5 (post-orbital head length), X6 (eye diameter), X7 (interorbital width), X8 (trunk length), BW (body weight), W1 (viscera weight), W2 (gill weight), and W3 (heart weight). The study quantitatively examined the differences in the impact of these biological traits on body mass among the subgroups. Results showed: (1) There were significant differences in biological phenotypes and organ proportions among the three subgroups. Among the traits, only X7 and W1/BW decreased monotonically with the decline in upstream swimming performance (P<0.05). (2) Cluster analysis indicated that MG and WG formed the first branch based on weighing traits, body size traits, and biological traits, while SG and MG formed the first branch based on organ proportion traits. (3) Correlation analysis showed that the correlation coefficients between weighing traits, body size traits, and BW were significant (P<0.05) for all three subgroups, but the order of these coefficients had differentiated to some extent due to the significant changes in upstream swimming performance. (4) Path analysis, determination analysis, and multiple correlation analysis identified the key combinations of weighing traits affecting body mass as W1-W2, W1-W2, and W1-W2-W3 for SG, MG, and WG, respectively, and the key combinations of body size traits as X1-X2-X6, X1-X4-X6-X8, and X3-X5-X7, with W2, W1, and W2, and X1, X1, and X3 being the core traits. (5) Multiple linear regression equations based on body size traits were suitable for precise non-destructive estimation of BW in each subgroup. The findings provide foundational data for the ecological study of large yellow croaker under adverse conditions and the selection and breeding of fast-growing strains with different swimming performance. |
| Key words: upstream swimming performance body mass body size traits weighing traits organ proportion traits cohabiting group juvenile large yellow croaker |
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