| 摘要: |
| 为明确“东海1号”大黄鱼(Larimichthys crocea)脊椎骨特征及与体形的关系,通过解剖、测量等方法比较了“东海1号”大黄鱼不同脊椎骨数个体的体形差异,根据X光骨骼影像筛选不同脊椎骨数的种鱼、检测子代脊椎骨构成情况并进行了AFLP遗传多样性分析。结果显示：“东海1号”大黄鱼的脊椎骨数为26~28枚,其躯椎均为11枚,尾椎分别为15枚、16枚和17枚。27枚脊椎骨大黄鱼的尾长/体长、尾长/躯干长、尾柄长/尾柄高、尾柄长/体长、尾椎长/躯椎长等指标均显著大于26枚脊椎骨大黄鱼(P<0.05)。从6个体形指标中提取到2个特征值>1的主成分,散点图中26枚、27枚脊椎骨大黄鱼分布范围较广、组间有较多重合。通过X光活体骨骼成像从“东海1号”大黄鱼中筛选出脊椎骨数≧27枚的种鱼进行育苗可大幅提高子代中27枚、28枚脊椎骨个体比例,其中27枚脊椎骨个体比例由65.08%升至82.26%,28枚脊椎骨个体比例由0.54%升至6.45%。AFLP遗传多样性分析显示,筛选出脊椎骨数≧27枚的种鱼繁育后子代的平均多态性位点比例(60.24%)、Nei’s遗传多样性指数(0.1869)均较“东海1号”大黄鱼群体(平均多态性位点比例84.674%、Nei’s遗传多样性指数0.1869)大幅度降低。研究结果证明了“东海1号”大黄鱼中的27枚脊椎骨鱼因比26枚脊椎骨鱼多1枚尾椎而在多个体形特征上更具优势,育苗试验表明筛选出脊椎骨数多的大黄鱼进行繁育可提高子代中脊椎骨数≧27枚的个体比例,但会造成子代遗传多样性水平降低。 |
| 关键词: 大黄鱼(Larimichthys crocea) 东海1号 脊椎骨 体形 AFLP |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20260400097 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:浙江省农业(水产)新品种选育重大科技专项项目“大黄鱼优质、抗逆新品种培育与示范”, 2021C02069-1号; 中央引导地方科技发展资金项目“温州海水水产种业创新体系建设”, 2023ZY1056号。 |
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| Comparison of body shape and genetic breeding experiment of “Donghai No.1” large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea)with different number of vertebrae |
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GUO Meng-Di1,2, YANG Hao1,2, MIAO Liang1,2, LI Ming-Yun1,2, SHI Hua-Hong1,2, CHEN Jiong3, SHAO Xin-Bin4, MA Jian-Zhong4, YU Chun5, LIN Hao6
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1. State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agroproducts, Ningbo University;2. Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University;3.State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agroproducts,Ningbo University;4.Zhejiang Mariculture Research Institute;5.Dachen Island Aquaculture Co, Ltd;6.Wenzhou Linbaofeng Aquatic Products Co, Ltd
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| Abstract: |
| To clarify the vertebral characteristics of “Donghai No.1” large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) and the relationship between vertebra and body shape, differences in body shape among individuals with different vertebral numbers in L. crocea “Donghai No.1” were compared using dissection and measurement methods. Broodstocks with different vertebral numbers were screened based on X-ray skeletal images, the vertebral composition of their offspring was examined, and AFLP analysis of genetic diversity was performed. The results showed that the vertebral numbers of L. crocea “Donghai No.1” ranged from 26 to 28, with 11 trunk vertebrae in all individuals and 15, 16, and 17 caudal vertebrae respectively. Compared to 26 vertebrae individuals, the fish with 27 vertebrae had significantly higher values (P<0.05) in caudal length/body length, caudal length/trunk length, caudal peduncle length/caudal peduncle height, caudal peduncle length/body length, and caudal vertebra length/trunk vertebra length. Two principal components with eigenvalues >1 were extracted from six body shape indices. In the scatter plot, 26 vertebrae fish and 27 vertebrae fish were widely distributed with considerable overlap between groups. Through in vivo X-ray skeletal imaging, broodstocks of L. crocea “Donghai No.1” with vertebral number ≥27 were selected for seedling breeding, and the proportion of offspring with 27 and 28 vertebrae were greatly increased: the proportion of individuals with 27 vertebrae increased from 65.08% to 82.26%, and that of individuals with 28 vertebrae increased from 0.54% to 6.45%. AFLP analysis revealed that the average proportion of polymorphic loci (60.24%) and Nei’s genetic diversity index (0.1869) in offspring bred from selected broodstocks with vertebral number ≥27 were substantially lower than “Donghai No.1” population (average proportion of polymorphic loci 84.674%, Nei’s genetic diversity index 0.1869). This study demonstrated that individuals of L. crocea “Donghai No.1” with 27 vertebrae possess advantages in multiple body shape traits compared with those with 26 vertebrae, due to one additional caudal vertebra. Breeding experiments indicated that selecting L. crocea with more vertebrae for reproduction can increase the proportion of offspring with vertebral number ≥27, but will reduce the level of genetic diversity in the progeny. |
| Key words: large yellow croaker Larimichthys crocea Donghai No.1 vertebra body shape AFLP |