| 摘要: |
| 为比较同海域分布蛤仔在相似环境条件下的繁殖生物学差异，本研究以广东硇洲岛海域的菲律宾蛤仔（Ruditapes philippinarum）和杂色蛤仔（Ruditapes variegatus）为对象，于2022年3月至2023年2月开展周年定点采样。通过组织学观察，并结合性腺指数（GSI）、性腺发育指数（GDI）、条件指数（CI）及组织含水率等指标，分析两种蛤仔的繁殖周年特征，同时结合海表温度（SST）、盐度及叶绿素a（chl-a）数据探讨其环境响应。结果表明:两种蛤仔性腺发育均可划分为5个阶段，但繁殖策略存在显著差异，即菲律宾蛤仔呈“双峰型”繁殖模式，主要排放高峰出现在4月和10月，而杂色蛤仔则表现为全年持续繁殖特征；菲律宾蛤仔CI季节波动较大，而杂色蛤仔CI变化相对平缓，两物种CI与组织含水率均呈显著负相关（P<0.05）；相关性分析显示，温度、盐度和叶绿素a对杂色蛤仔生理状态的影响较明显，而菲律宾蛤仔对环境因子的响应较弱。研究表明，同海域近缘蛤仔在繁殖策略和环境响应方面存在分化，可为其资源保护和适应性研究提供参考。 |
| 关键词: 菲律宾蛤仔 杂色蛤仔 性腺发育 繁殖周期 广东硇洲岛 |
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| 基金项目:辽宁省科技重大专项(种质创新工程项目)(2024JH1/11700010); 辽宁省渔业补贴专项(2024, 2025); 辽宁省科技计划联合计划(技术攻关计划项目)(2024JH2/102600078); 辽宁省“兴辽英才”青年拔尖人才项目(XLYC1807271); 大连市杰出青年科技人才项目(2021RJ09); 国家贝类产业技术体系专项 滩涂养殖岗位项目(CARS-49)；山东省重点研发计划(农业良种工程项目)(2023LZGCQY001) |
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| Reproductive cycles of Ruditapes philippinarum and R. variegatus in the waters of Naozhou Island, Guangdong, China |
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Yi Jiangnan, LIU Lijun, Ma Xinyu, Sun Bingyan, Luo Xinghong, Wang Yuhang, Tang Yumei, Li Cuicui, HUO Zhongming
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Faculty of Fisheries and Life Sciences,Dalian Ocean University
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| Abstract: |
| To investigate differences in reproductive biology between sympatric clams under similar environmental conditions, this study focused on Ruditapes philippinarum and Ruditapes variegatus from the same habitat in Naozhou Island, Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province. Monthly sampling was conducted from March 2022 to February 2023. Through histological observation and in combination with the gonadosomatic index (GSI), gonad development index (GDI), condition index (CI), and tissue water content, the reproductive annual characteristics of the two types of juveniles were analyzed. Meanwhile, the environmental responses were explored by integrating the data of sea surface temperature (SST), salinity, and chlorophyll a (ch1-a).The results showed that gonadal development in both species could be divided into five stages, but their reproductive strategies differed markedly. R.philippinarum exhibited a typical bimodal spawning pattern, with major spawning peaks in April and October, whereas R. variegatus showed a continuous reproductive pattern throughout the year. The CI of R.philippinarum displayed pronounced seasonal fluctuations, while that of R. variegatus remained relatively stable, and CI was significantly negatively correlated with water content in both species. Correlation analysis indicated that temperature, salinity and chlorophyll had a stronger influence on the energy status of R. variegatus, while R. philippinarum showed a weaker response to environmental factors.The research shows that sympatric and closely related clams have differentiated reproductive strategies and environmental responses, which can provide a reference for their resource protection and adaptability studies. |
| Key words: Ruditapes philippinarum Ruditapes variegatus gonadal development reproductive cycle Naozhou Island, Guangdong |