| 摘要: |
| 以鳃、肝胰腺、心脏、精巢、成熟卵、各期胚胎及溞状幼体等为材料，采用空气干燥法对日本蟳(Charybdis japonica)的染色体数目和核型进行了研究。结果表明，发育期的精巢最适宜进行日本蟳染色体计数，用眼点期之后的胚胎和溞状幼体制片，适宜做核型分析。日本蟳染色体的数目是2 n=114，n=57。核型分析显示，日本蟳有中部着丝粒染色体（m）共计17对(第1～17号)，亚中部着丝粒染色体(sm) 7对(第18～24号)，亚端部着丝粒染色体(st)仅1对(第25号)，端部着丝粒染色体(t)共计32对(第26～57号)。日本蟳的核型公式为：2 n=114=34m+14sm+2st+64t，染色体臂数NF=164，未能发现异形性染色体的存在。 |
| 关键词: 日本蟳(Charybdis japonica) 染色体 核型 |
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| 基金项目:江苏省海洋生物技术重点建设实验室开放项目（Z2007HS006);连云港市科技发展计划项目(SF0705） |
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| Karyotype analysis on Charybdis japonica |
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YAN Bin-lun,XU Xing-hong,XU Jia-tao,XU Guo-cheng
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| Abstract: |
| The chromosomal number and karyotype of Charybdis japonica have been investigated by air drying method examining metaphase chromosomes spreads obtained from gill, hepatopancreas, heart, testes, ovium, embryos and zoea. The chromosomes pairing was processed according to the relative lengths and the centromeric indexes. The chromosome pair were classified following the method of Levan etal(1964). The results indicate that the testes in growing stage are the best materials to be used in chromosome count and the embryos after stigmatic stage and zoaea are the best materials to be used in karyotype analysis. The diploid chromosomal numbers of C . japonica are 2n=114. All chromosomes were matched in 57pair. They were divided into 4 groups. Group I contains 17 pairs (1st 17th) that are metacentric chromosomes (m). Group II includes 7 pairs (18th 24th) of submetacentric chromosomes (sm). Group III has only 1 pair(25 th) of subtelocentric chromosomes (st),and group IV contains 32 pairs (26th 57th) which are telocentric chromosomes (t). Therefore, the karyotype formula of C .japonica is 2n=114=34m+14sm+2st+64t，and NF=164. No sex-chromosome of heteromorphism was observed. |
| Key words: Charybdis japonica chromosome karyotype |
