| 摘要: |
| 基于长时间序列的大气资料，计算了西北太平洋地区的水汽输送通量，分析了水汽输送通量场的时空变化特征，并给出了西北太平洋水汽输送通量与中国夏季降水异常的耦合模态。结果显示：西北太平洋水汽输送通量场具有显著的经向型、辐散型和纬向型3个主要的空间型，这三种模态的年循环特征都很显著。夏季，西北太平洋水汽输送通量异常以辐散型为主，且具有显著的准两年周期振荡特征和明显的年代际变率；在西北太平洋水汽输送通量与中国夏季降水异常前三类主要的耦合模态中，水汽输送通量异常以纬向型和辐散型为主。分析表明，西北太平洋水汽输送通量变化是影响中国东部降水异常的重要因素之一，而西太平洋暖池区、黑潮流域和中国近海尤其是南海海域则是向中国输送水汽的关键区域。这可为西北太平洋海气相互作用过程及其对中国气候的影响研究提供了必要的科学依据。
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| 关键词: 西北太平洋 水汽通量 降水 耦合模态 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:国家海洋局第三海洋研究所基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目（海三科2009003） |
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| The spatio-temporal characters of the northwest Pacific water vapor flux and its coupled modes with the summer rainfall in China |
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QI Qing-hua
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| Abstract: |
| Based on the long term atmospheric data, the water vapor flux in the northwest Pacific is calculated and the spatio temporal variations of the water vapor flux vector are investigated. Using the SVD method, the coupled modes between the anomalies of summer water vapor transport over the northwest Pacific and the summer rainfall in China are proposed. The results show that the water vapor flux anomaly in the western Pacific bears three most dominant modes including the meridional mode, the divergence mode and the zonal mode, which are all striking of annual cycle. In summer, the variation of the water vapor flux anomaly gives a property to the divergence modes with the remarkable quasi biennial oscillation (QBO) and interdecadal variability. In the three most dominant coupled modes between the summer water vapor transport anomaly over the northwest Pacific and the summer rainfall anomaly in China are mainly the zonal and divergence modes. The anomaly of the summer water vapor transport over the northwest Pacific is one of the most significant factors to impact the summer rainfall in the east of China, and with regard to the water vapor transport, the western Pacific warm pool, the valley of Korushio and the South China Sea are the key marine areas impacting the summer rainfall anomaly in China. The analysis above can provide the essential preconditions for the research of air sea interaction process and its effect on the climate of China.
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| Key words: the northwest Pacific water vapor flux rainfall coupled modes |
