| 摘要: |
| 于2007～2008 年在云南楚雄, 利用叶绿素连续荧光分析等技术方法, 对比研究了3株雨生红球藻藻株(Haematococcus pluvialis)(H0、H2、H3)不同类型细胞对光强适应能力和光化学机制、生长速率和虾青素累积情况, 对比研究了红球藻细胞转化过程的光化学特性与能量分配机制。结果表明, 3株雨生红球藻游动细胞、绿色不动细胞和红色不动细胞光合作用对光强需求存在明显差异性, 其中绿色游动细胞H0、H2和H3光饱和点分别为750、1 000、750 μmol /(m2·s), 绿色不动细胞H0、H2和H3光饱和点分别为750、750、500 μmol /(m2·s), 而红色不动细胞H0、H2和H3的光饱和点分别为500、750、500 μmol /(m2·s)。上述数据意味着红球藻光合作用对光强需求以游动阶段细胞最高, 其次为绿色不动细胞, 而红色不动细胞对光需求最弱; 3株红球藻光合作用对光强需求的顺序为2>H0>H3。从实际培养效果来看, H0藻株游动细胞在9月、11月到次年5月生长最好, 其中4月、11月比生长速度为藻株H3的2.19 倍和2.17倍, 而在6～8月和10月份中, 藻株H2生长比较迅速, 但是藻株之间差异性相对较小。针对3株红球藻虾青素累积而言, 1～2月、4月、6 月、9月、11～12月藻株H0的虾青素含量最高,3月、5月更适宜H3积累虾青素, 其余7～8月和10月H2藻株积累虾青素更多。综合雨生红球藻细胞生长和虾青素累积二个决定产量的主要因素, 作者认为, 在秋末、冬、春和夏初等温度和光照相对较低季节, 选择藻株H0规模化培养可获得更好的生产效果, 而在光照较强、温度较高和多雨的夏季和秋初季节, 应选择藻株H2培养产量更高。
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| 关键词: 雨生红球藻(Haematococcus pluvialis) 细胞生长 虾青素 叶绿素荧光 光照强度 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(30771638); 中国科学院海洋研究所与云南爱尔发生物技术有限公司联合赞助项目(2007-2014) |
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| Photo-adaptation of three stains of Haematococcus pluvialis and their application |
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HAN Chun-mei,LIU Jian-guo,ZHANG Yong
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| Abstract: |
| Cell growth, astaxanthin accumulation, photo-adaptive capacity, photochemical properties, and energy distribution models of the cells at different developmental stages of three strains of Haematococcus pluvialis were studied with continuous chlorophyll fluorescence and other techniques. The results showed that photo requirement for photosynthesis varied significantly in green motile cells, green non-motile cells and red non-motile cells. The light saturation points for the motile cells of strain H0, H2 and H3 were 750, 1 000 and 750 μmol /(m2·s), respectively. The light saturation points for the green non-motile cells of strain H0, H2 and H3 were 750, 750, and 500 μmol/ (m2·s), respectively. Meanwhile, the light saturation points for astaxanthin enriched non-motile cells of strains H0, H2 and H3 were 500, 750, and 500 μmol /(m2·s), respectively. Therefore, the sequence of illumination required for maximal photosynthesis in H. pluvialis was strain H2 > strain H0 > strain H3. The green motile cells required the strongest illumination for their maximal photosynthesis, followed sequentially by the green non-motile cells and the red non-motile cells. The year-round data of specific cell growth rates indicated that Strain H0 grew fastest in most culture seasons (in September and the period of November to May). The cell growth rates of H0 in April and November were 2.2 times higher than those of H3. Strain H2 grew fast in the period of June to August and in October, although the variation was not so significant. As for astaxanthin accumulation, strain H0 had high content in January, February, June, September, November and December. Strain H3 accumulated more astaxanthin in March and May, while Strain H2 had more in July, August and October. To achieve a high yield of the mass culture in Yunnan, based on the combined the effects of fast cell growth and high cell astaxanthin content, we suggest that strain H0 should be selected in fall, winter, spring and early summer, when temperature is moderate and light intensity fluctuates relative smoothly. In contrast, strain of H2 should be selected in hot summer and early fall, when high temperature and abrupt light variation occur. Based on the energy pipe models, we also discussed the possible eco-physiological functions of astaxanthin accumulation in the non-motile cells.
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| Key words: Haematococcus pluvialis cell growth astaxanthin chlorophyll fluorescence light intensity |
