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| 中国东南沿海港口外轮压舱水生物的调查 |
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杨清良1, 蔡良候2, 高亚辉3, 苏 展2, 陈长平3, 林更铭1, 黄美珍2, 李炳乾3,1, 项 鹏1, 许翠娅2, 郑惠东2, 梁君荣3, 邢小丽4, 方民杰2
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1.国家海洋局第三海洋研究所;2.福建省水产研究所;3.厦门大学生命科学院;4.上海海事大学
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| 摘要: |
| 随机选取东南沿海港口的17 艘外来船舶(含8 条集装箱船和9 条散货船)作为监测对象, 进行压舱水浮游植物及动物的物种鉴定和丰度测定, 并对监测数据进行统计学分析。检出分属于7 个浮游植物门类和5 个动物门类的309 种外来压舱水生物(包括60 种赤潮生物)。外轮压舱水生物的分布及生存状态与水样的水龄和盐度相关。船舶压舱水排放是大家熟知的外来水生生物入侵的主要媒介。本调查结果表明, 中国东南沿海外来散货船的压舱水排放所具的潜在生物入侵风险比集装箱船更应受关注。 |
| 关键词: 压舱水 浮游生物 外来物种 赤潮 东南沿海 |
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| 基金项目:国家908 专项资助项目(908-01-ZH3; 908-02-01-02; 908-ZCI-13); 福建省908 专项资助项目(FJ908-01-01-ZH) |
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| Plankton found in ballast waters of foreign ships harboring in ports of Southeast China |
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| Abstract: |
| Seventeen foreign ships (including 8 container ships and 9 bulks) entering ports in coast of southeast of China were randomly selected as the monitoring objects. Temperature, salinity, abd plankton species diversity and abundance in the ballast waters were measured. At least 309 taxa from seven plant phyla and five animal phyla were found. The distribution characteristics and survival states of organisms were correlated with the age and salinity of ballast waters. Release of ballast water from ships is a major vector for the introduction of exotic aquatic species. Results of this study indicate that the potential risk for organisms invasion from ballast waters discharged from foreign bulk Carriers harboring in coasts of Southeast China should receive greater attention than those from foreign container vessels. |
| Key words: ballast water plankton alien species red tide coast of Southeast China |