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| 海南岛西北部海域珊瑚礁造礁石珊瑚种类组成与分布 |
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黄 晖1,2, 尤 丰1,2, 练健生1,2, 张成龙1,2, 杨剑辉1,2, 李秀保1,2, 袁 涛1,2, 董志军3
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1.中国科学院 海南热带海洋生物实验站;2.中国科学院 海洋生物资源可持续利用重点实验室;3.中国科学院 烟台海岸带研究所
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| 摘要: |
| 调查了海南岛西北部海域造礁石珊瑚种类的多样性及分布。结果表明: 共发现50 种造礁石珊瑚和1 种多孔螅。海南岛西北部造礁石珊瑚优势种为澄黄滨珊瑚(Porites lutea)和丛生盔形珊瑚(Galaxea fascicularis), 与历史资料相比优势种发生明显变化; 海南岛西北部海域造礁石珊瑚覆盖率急剧下降,是由自然因素和人为活动共同造成; 海南岛西北部海域是北部湾、琼州海峡和南海的重要交汇点, 可能是造礁石珊瑚幼虫扩散的重要通道, 对华南沿岸造礁石珊瑚资源自然恢复起到重要作用。因此, 未来的海洋管理应该加强对珊瑚礁的保护力度, 开发利用与环境保护并重, 这样才能有效保护海南岛西北部海域的珊瑚礁。 |
| 关键词: 海南岛 珊瑚礁 种类多样性 造礁石珊瑚 |
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| Composition and distribution of scleractinian coral in the northwest of Hainan island |
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| Abstract: |
| The diversity and spatial distribution of Scleractinian corals in northwestern of Hainan island were investigated and there were 50 species of Scleractinian corals and one non-Scleratinia coral (Millepora sp.) were found. The results showed that the dominant Scleractinia corals are Porites lutea and Galaxea fascicularis, which has undergone significant changes over several years, in the coral reef of the Hainan island northwestern. With the impact of natural factors and human activities on coral reefs, the coverage of coral has rapidly decreased. The areas are located in the transition region of Beibu Gulf, Qiongzhou sea and South China sea, and might be the main channel for coral larve planula diffusion, which play a key role to the conservation and restoration of coral reefs in South China. Therefore, reasonable coordination marine fisheries and protection of environment were necessary for the conservation of the coral reef in the northwest of Hainan island. |
| Key words: Hainan island coral reef species diversity Scleractinian coral |