| 摘要: |
| 根据2009 年8 月监测资料, 研究了夏季莱州湾海域浮游动物种类组成、生态分布、群落结构及其环境影响因子。共记录包括浮游幼虫在内的浮游动物38 种(类), 优势种类为长尾类幼虫、强壮箭虫、短尾类溞状幼虫及太平洋纺锤水蚤等。浮游动物丰度101.3～3620.0 个/m3, 平均602.8 个/m3, 丰度平面分布呈现湾西部高, 向中东部逐渐降低趋势; 长尾类幼虫、强壮箭虫、短尾类溞状幼虫出现频率100%,太平洋纺锤水蚤出现频率40.9%; 长尾类幼虫丰度7.8～1747.9 个/m3, 平均96.3 个/m3, 高值区分布于莱州湾西部黄河口以南近岸水域; 强壮箭虫丰度2.5～747.8 个/m3, 平均85.4 个/m3, 偏离近岸趋深水、低温区分布; 短尾类溞状幼虫丰度3.3～271.7 个/m3, 平均20.5 个/m3, 主要分布于莱州湾南部近岸水域; 太平洋纺锤水蚤丰度0～968.3 个/m3, 平均29.0 个/m3, 密集分布区在莱州湾西南部小清河外近岸低盐水域。浮游动物丰度分布与NO2-N、DO、COD 及NO3-N 呈显著正相关关系, 与盐度呈显著负相关关系(P＜0.01)。等级聚类分析(CLUSTER)将莱州湾的浮游动物分为湾西部和湾中东部两个群落。相比于湾中东部群落, 湾西部群落占据着莱州湾西部近岸较狭窄的地理范围, 其所在水域水浅, 盐度低, 无机氮、活性磷酸盐、叶绿素a、浮游动物丰度高及物种多样性高, 群落内生物相似性弱。 |
| 关键词: 莱州湾 浮游动物 种类组成 群落结构 CLUSTER 分析 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:海洋公益性行业科研专项(200805031); 水生动物营养与饲料“泰山学者”岗位经费资助(2008-2012) |
|
| Community structure of zooplankton in Laizhou bay in summer |
|
|
| Abstract: |
| The species composition, abundance, community structure and Environmental factors of zooplankton in Laizhou Bay in summer were studied according to the monitoring data collected in August 2009. The result showed that 38 species of zooplankton including planktonic larva were identified, and Macrura larva, Sagitta crassa, Brachyura zoea larva and Acartia pacifica were the dominant species. The abundance of zooplankton ranged from 101.3 to 3620.0 ind/m3 with an average of 602.8 ind/m3. The distribution of zooplankton was richest in western gulf, and gradually reduced in the central and eastern of Laizhou Bay. Macrura larva, Sagitta crassa and Brachyura zoea larva were collected all over the survey stations, while Acartia pacifica was found only at 40.9% stations. The abundance of Macrura larva ranged from 7.8 to 1747.9 ind/m3 with an average of 96.3 ind/m3, and south coastal water of the Yellow River estuary was the most abundant area. Sagitta crassa was 2.5～747.8ind/m3, average 85.4 ind/m3, distributing in offshore deeper and colder water. The abundance of Brachyura zoea larva and Acartia pacifica were 3.3～271.7 ind/m3 (average 20.5 ind/m3) and 0～968.3 ind/m3 (average 29.0 ind/m3), found mostly in south coastal water of Laizhou Bay and estuary of Xiaoqing River in Laizhou Bay respectively. Pearson Correlation analysis indicated that abundance of phytoplankton is positively correlated (P<0.01) with NO2-N, COD, dissolved oxygen and NO3-N, while negatively correlated with salinity. CLUSTER analysis showed that zooplankton in Laizhou Bay could be grouped into two communities, western community and central-eastern community. Compared to the central-eastern community, the western community occupied the western coastal narrower geographical scope, which has shallower water, lower salinity, higher inorganic nitrogen and active phosphate, richer abundance of chlorophyll-a and zooplankton, and higher species diversity with weak similarity in biological community. |
| Key words: Laizhou Bay zooplankton species composition community structure CLUSTER analysis |
