| 摘要: |
| 根据长江口南沙头通道、横沙通道和南北槽分汊口的断面水深变化及长江口南北港和南北槽的分流比变化实测资料, 分析了长江口北槽深水航道淤积的原因。结果表明, 北槽深水航道上段淤积受多种因素影响, 其中, 南沙头通道和横沙通道的发展对深水航道影响最大。南沙头通道的发展在加大落潮流量的同时, 对南港南岸会产生一定的冲刷, 后经沙洲的阻挡, 把泥沙带向南港北岸, 在北槽进口段处落淤, 直接影响了进入深水航道的落潮量; 横沙通道由于直接贯通了北港北槽的水沙交换, 因而削弱了南港和北槽之间的水沙交换, 促使北槽深水航道上段产生淤积, 这也是南槽河道上段刷深的一个主要原因, 而南槽河道的发展必然减少了进入北槽的落潮量, 进一步加剧了北槽深水航道上段的淤积。同时, 科氏力与北槽南导堤分流口鱼咀工程对深水航道也造成了一定的不可忽视的影响。研究成果对治理北槽深水航道淤积问题保障深水航道正常运行具有十分重要的科学实践意义。 |
| 关键词: 南沙头通道 横沙通道 深水航道 河势 冲淤变化 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:上海市教委重点学科项目(J50702) |
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| Influences of the Nanshatou Passage and the Hengsha Passage on sediment deposition in deepwater navigation channel of the Changjiang River Estuary |
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| Abstract: |
| On the basis of the measured data of water depth in the Nanshatou Passage, the Hengsha Passage, and the inlet cross-section of the North Passage and the South Passage, the flow spilt ratios of the North Channel and the South Channel, and the North and the South Passage, the reasons for the sediment deposition in the deepwater navigation channel of the Changjiang River Estuary were analyzed. The sediment deposition in the deepwater navigation channel of the Changjiang River Estuary was affected by multi-factors. Among these factors, the influences of the development of the Nanshatou and the Hengsha Passage were significant. The development of the Nanshatou Passage led to the increase of the ebb flow discharge and scouring of the southern bank of the South Channel, the scoured sediment was carried by the ebb flow to the northern bank of the South Channel, and was silted in the entrance reach of the North Passage, which decreased the ebb flow volume entering the deepwater navigation channel. The development of the Hengsha Passage caused the increase of sediment and water exchange between the South and the North Passage, which weakened the sediment and water exchange between the South Channel and the North Passage, and enhanced the sediment silting in the upper reach of the deepwater navigation channel. The development of the Nanshatou Passage and the Hengsha Passage also caused the scour of the upper reach of the South Passage, which weakened the ebb flow entering the North Passage and further strengthened the sediment deposition in the upper reach of the deepwater navigation channel. On the other hand, the Coriolis force and V-shaped diversion dike at the head of the deepwater navigation channel were also important factors on effect of the deepwater navigation channel. The research results were very meaningful on regulating the sediment deposition in the deepwater navigation channel of the Chang jiang River Estuary. |
| Key words: the Nanshatou Passage the Hengsha Passage deepwater navigation channel river regime deposition and erosion |
