| 摘要: |
| 2010 年、2011 年江苏沿海多数地方海水养殖中发生了脊尾白虾大规模死亡的现象, 本课题通过对患暴发性流行病的脊尾白虾(Exopalaemon carinicauda)进行病毒分子生物学检测, 发现病虾体内白斑综合征病毒(White Spot Syndrome Virus, 简称WSSV)检测普遍呈阳性; 应用发病虾组织制备的病毒粗提液, 进行了人工感染实验, 实验表明该病毒对脊尾白虾具有较强的致病性, 可引起68.5%的死亡率。电镜结果表明, 发病虾与感染病虾鳃及肝胰脏等组织器官都发生了相同的细胞病理变化, 主要表现为细胞核内染色质边聚、线粒体肿胀、内嵴消失等一系列细胞病理变化, 在其细胞核与细胞质中发现了具有单层囊膜结构的对虾白斑综合征病毒粒子, 病毒粒子大小约为(130～170)nm×(305～405)nm,核衣壳呈子弹形, 一端较细另一端较粗, 完整病毒粒子由核心、衣壳和囊膜构成, 分子生物学实验表明该病毒为WSSV。实验结果符合柯赫氏法则, 可以初步推断WSSV 感染脊尾白虾并与引发的大规模死亡有着直接关系。 |
| 关键词: 脊尾白虾(Exopalaemon carinicauda) 对虾白斑综合征病毒 致病性 |
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| 基金项目:江苏省自然科学基金项目资助(BK2010269); 江苏省水产三项工程项目(PJ2010-51); 南通市科技资助项目(HL2011005) |
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| Study on experimental infection of Exopalaemon carinicauda Holehuis with white spot syndrome virus |
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| Abstract: |
| White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) is one of the most devastating and virulent viral agents threatening the penaeid shrimp culture industry and has been responsible for serious economic losses in shrimp farms worldwide. By the Polymerase Chain Reaction test, the Exopalaemon carinicauda Holehuis were infected by WSSV. Quantitative challenge test was used in this study to further evaluate the pathogenic potential of WSSV, the cumulative mortalities of WSSV-infected group reached to 68.5% in 14 days post-inoculation. Cytopathological features of the moribund shirmp and reinfected shirmp with WSSV were indentical by transmission. Cytopathological features showed that organelles were enlarged and fragmented, and numerous viruses with different size were found in nuclear and cytoplasm. In addition, the WSSV was detected in different tissues of reinfected shrimp, including hepatopancreas, gills and muscle. Challenge test combined with pathological features indicated that WSSV had close relationship with the mass mortality of Exopalaemon carinicauda Holehuis. |
| Key words: Exopalaemon carinicauda Holehuis WSSV virulence |
